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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research >Smartphone Vision Syndrome Associated with Prolonged Use of Digital Screen for Attending Online Classes during COVID-19 Pandemic among Medical Students: A Cross-sectional Study
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Smartphone Vision Syndrome Associated with Prolonged Use of Digital Screen for Attending Online Classes during COVID-19 Pandemic among Medical Students: A Cross-sectional Study

机译：智能手机视觉综合征与长时间使用数字屏幕以便在医学生的Covid-19大流行期间参加在线课程：横断面研究

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Smartphone vision disorder is a complex of eye and vision related problems associated with close work during use of digital screen.It is one of the rising wellbeing concerns identified with innovation (phones and tablets) because of constant utilisation of Smartphones among medical undergraduates particularly during the last five months due to COVID-19 pandemic for attending online classes.Aim: To investigate the impact of online classes on development of Digital Vision Syndrome (DVS) among undergraduate medical students.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 280 undergraduate medical students from 1st and 2nd professional MBBS course attending online classes regularly from the last five months.The authors evaluated the student’s perception based on the symptoms experienced in the last five months through a pre-tested questionnaire related to DVS which are caused due to two mechanisms: (i) accommodative mechanism; (ii) ocular surface mechanism by using 5-point Likert scale.The association between development of DVS symptoms and risk factors like distance of eyes from the screen, refractive errors, duration of exposure and size of screen was analysed by factor analysis and ANOVA through EpiInfoTM for windows version 7.2.4.Results: In the present study, 78.2% of students were using smartphones and 21.8% were using large screen for reading and attending online classes during the lockdown period.It was observed that the descriptive statistics elaborates the overall mean of approximately score 3 in all 280 students on Likert scale.In regard to distance at which digital screen was kept, students who kept less distance (> arm and forearm length) are at higher risk of DVS development (p<0.001).In case of refractive error, the negative correlation shows that impact with spectacles is less compared to emmetropic eye (p<0.001).About 75% of the total students score range between occasionally to always which indicates that the majority of the students got DVS.Authors assess the impact of duration of digital screen used and revealed that accommodative and ocular mechanisms responsible for development of DVS were significantly affected as duration of exposure to digital screen increases (p<0.001).We analysed the impact of digital screen size on DVS symptoms and found that participants using small screen are at higher risk (p<0.001) for development of smartphone vision syndrome as compared to large screen digital devices.Conclusion: The students attending online classes are more prone to development of smartphone vision syndrome.This study had shown association between DVS and the risk factors associated with it: duration of exposure, distance from the screen and size of screen used.
机译：智能手机视觉障碍是在使用数字屏幕期间与密切合作相关的眼睛和视觉相关问题的复杂性。它是由于在尤其是医疗本科生中的智能手机持续利用智能手机而被创新（手机和平板电脑）的上升令人担忧之一。特别是在由于Covid-19 Pandemere出席在线课程的最后五个月。探讨在线课程对本科医学院中数字视觉综合征（DVS）发展的影响。材料和方法：在280中进行了横截面研究来自第一和第二个专业MBBS课程的本科医学院，在过去的五个月中定期参加在线课程。作者根据过去五个月的症状评估了学生的看法，通过与DVS相关的预先测试的调查问卷。两种机制：（i）适应机制; （ii）通过使用5点李克特量表的眼表面机制。通过因子分析和Anova分析了DVS症状和危险因素等屏幕距离，屈光误差，曝光持续时间和筛选持续时间的危险因素之间的关联Windows版本7.2.4.4.4.Results：在本研究中，78.2％的学生使用智能手机，21.8％正在使用大型屏幕来读取和参加在线课程期间在锁定期间。观察到描述性统计数据阐述整体阐述在所有280名学生的李克特级别中的大约3分的平均值。在保留数字屏幕的距离方面，保持距离（>臂和前臂长度）的学生处于更高的DVS开发风险（P <0.001）。屈光误差的情况下，负相关表明，与偏心眼相比，与眼镜的影响较少（P <0.001）。偶尔将偶尔的75％的学生总分数范围的比分范围表示大多数学生们获得了DVS.Authors评估使用的数字屏幕持续时间的影响，并透露，负责DVS的发展的容纳和眼镜机制因接触数字屏幕的持续时间而受到显着影响（P <0.001）。我们分析了数字屏幕尺寸对DVS症状的影响，发现使用小屏幕的参与者在大型屏幕数字设备相比，智能手机视觉综合征的开发较高的风险（P <0.001）。结论：参加在线课程的学生更容易发生智能手机视觉综合征的发展。本研究显示了DVS之间的关联和与其相关的风险因素：曝光持续时间，距离屏幕和屏幕大小的距离。

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