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Entrepreneurial Intentions of Business Students: A Matter of Masculinity and Femininity

机译：商业学生的创业意图：阳刚地和女性气质的问题

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The purpose of this paper is to investigate the entrepreneurial intention of business students, with an emphasis on their masculine and feminine characteristics, instead of the usual classification male / female. While recent studies have increased the understanding of the implications of being a man or woman (sex differences) on entrepreneurial intention, papers which examine whether masculinity and/or femininity (gender differences) impact entrepreneurial intention are rare. The following paper offers insights into the latter research gap by quantitatively investigating the genderedness of intentions of business students, which is of particular importance for fostering entrepreneurship. The Theory of Planned Behavior is used as underlying framework, with entrepreneurial intention as dependent variable and its three antecedents ('attitude towards behavior', 'subjective norms', and 'perceived behavior control'). A survey is administered and filled out by 501 Belgian business students of different universities. Masculinity and femininity are measured by the Bem Sex Role Inventory Model. The results are analyzed by structural equation modeling. Students with high masculinity have significant higher entrepreneurial intentions than students with low masculinity. There is a significant association between masculinity and entrepreneurial intentions through the mediating role of attitude towards behavior and subjective norms. Furthermore femininity has a positive impact on entrepreneurial intentions with subjective norms as mediator. This study contributes to the debate which personality traits influence entrepreneurial intention and further deepens the discussion how educators could approach different types of students in order to stimulate their interest in entrepreneurship. Previously conflicting results about the impact of sex on entrepreneurial intention can perhaps be solved if studies are in the future enriched with socially constructed gender variables.
机译：本文的目的是调查商业学生的企业家意图，重点是他们的男性和女性特征，而不是通常的分类男/女性。虽然最近的研究提高了对作为创业意图的男人或女人（性别差异）的影响的理解，论文审查男性气概和/或女性气质（性别差异）影响创业意图是罕见的。下文通过定量调查商业学生意图的性别，对后者研究差距进行了见解，这对培养企业家精神特别重要。计划行为理论被用作基础框架，具有依赖变量的创业意图及其三个前进者（“对行为的态度”，“主观规范”和“感知行为控制”）。由501名不同大学的比利时商学院管理和填写调查。男性气质和女性气质由BEM性别角色库存模型测量。通过结构方程建模分析结果。高阳刚地的学生比男性气质低的学生具有显着更高的创业意图。通过调解行为和主观规范的调解作用，阳刚地和创业意图之间存在重大关联。此外，女性气质对具有主观规范的创业意图作为调解员对创业意图产生积极影响。这项研究有助于辩论人格特征影响企业家意图，进一步加深讨论教育者如何接近不同类型的学生，以刺激他们对企业家的兴趣。如果研究未来丰富社会构建的性别变量，之前可能会解决关于性别的对性别的影响的相互冲突。

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