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首页> 外文期刊>MBio >No Light, No Germination: Excitation of the Rhodospirillum centenum Photosynthetic Apparatus Is Necessary and Sufficient for Cyst Germination
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No Light, No Germination: Excitation of the Rhodospirillum centenum Photosynthetic Apparatus Is Necessary and Sufficient for Cyst Germination

机译：没有光，没有发芽：激发<命名含量含量型=“属型”> rhodospirillum centenum 光合仪是必要的并且足以进行囊肿萌发

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Environmental cues that signal Gram-positive spores to germinate (termed germinants) have been identified for several Bacillus and Clostridium species. These studies showed that germinants are niche and species specific. ABSTRACT Rhodospirillum centenum is a Gram-negative alphaproteobacterium that is capable of differentiating into dormant cysts that are metabolically inactive and desiccation resistant. Like spores synthesized by many Gram-positive species, dormant R. centenum cysts germinate in response to an environmental signal, indicating that conditions favor survival and proliferation. Factors that induce germination are called germinants and are often both niche and species specific. In this study, we have identified photosynthesis as a niche-specific germinant for R. centenum cyst germination. Specifically, excitation of wild-type cysts suspended in a nutrient-free buffer with far-red light at &750?nm results in rapid germination. This is in stark contrast to mutant strains deficient in photosynthesis that fail to germinate upon exposure to far-red light under all assayed conditions. We also show that photosynthesis-induced germination occurs in a carbon- and nitrogen-free buffer even in strains that are deficient in carbon or nitrogen fixation. These results demonstrate that photosynthesis not only is necessary for germination but is itself sufficient for the germination of R. centenum cysts.
机译：已经鉴定了几种芽孢杆菌和梭菌物种来鉴定信号革氏阳性孢子的环境提示。这些研究表明，发芽剂是特异性和物种。摘要Rhodospirillum centenum是一种革兰氏阴性α-阴性α，其能够区分成代谢无活性和抗性的休眠囊肿。与许多革兰氏阳性物种合成的孢子一样，休眠R.百分点囊肿响应环境信号而发芽，表明条件有利于存活和增殖。诱导萌发的因素称为发芽剂，并且通常是特异性和物种。在这项研究中，我们已经将光合作用作为R. centenum囊肿萌发的特异性发芽剂。具体而言，悬浮在无营养缓冲液中的野生型囊肿的激发，在＆amp的远红光下; GT; 750？NM导致快速发芽。这与缺乏在所有测定条件下暴露于远红光时未发芽的光合作用缺陷的突变菌株的突变菌株。我们还表明，即使在碳或氮固定的菌株中，也可以在碳和氮气缓冲液中发生光合作用诱导的发芽。这些结果表明，光合作用不仅是发芽所必需的，而且本身就足以用于R. centenum囊肿的萌发。

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