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Spooky action at a global distance: analysis of space-based entanglement distribution for the quantum internet

机译：全球距离的幽灵动作：量子互联网的空间纠缠分布分析

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Recent experimental breakthroughs in satellite quantum communications have opened up the possibility of creating a global quantum internet using satellite links. This approach appears to be particularly viable in the near term, due to the lower attenuation of optical signals from satellite to ground, and due to the currently short coherence times of quantum memories. The latter prevents ground-based entanglement distribution using atmospheric or optical-fiber links at high rates over long distances. In this work, we propose a global-scale quantum internet consisting of a constellation of orbiting satellites that provides a continuous, on-demand entanglement distribution service to ground stations. The satellites can also function as untrusted nodes for the purpose of long-distance quantum-key distribution. We develop a technique for determining optimal satellite configurations with continuous coverage that balances both the total number of satellites and entanglement-distribution rates. Using this technique, we determine various optimal satellite configurations for a polar-orbit constellation, and we analyze the resulting satellite-to-ground loss and achievable entanglement-distribution rates for multiple ground station configurations. We also provide a comparison between these entanglement-distribution rates and the rates of ground-based quantum repeater schemes. Overall, our work provides the theoretical tools and the experimental guidance needed to make a satellite-based global quantum internet a reality.
机译：最近在卫星量子通信中的实验突破已经开辟了使用卫星链接创建全球量子互联网的可能性。由于来自卫星从地面的光信号衰减较低，并且由于当前短的量子存储器的相干时间较低，这种方法似乎是特别可行的。后者通过高距离的高速率预防基于基础的缠结分布或光纤连杆。在这项工作中，我们提出了一种全球规模的量子互联网，该互联网包括由轨道卫星的星座组成，该卫星提供与地站的连续，按需纠缠分配服务。卫星还可以起到不受信任的节点，以便是长距离量子密钥分布。我们开发了一种用于确定最佳卫星配置的技术，连续覆盖范围平衡卫星的总数和纠缠分配率。使用这种技术，我们确定极轨星座的各种最佳卫星配置，我们分析了多个地面站配置的产生的卫星基地损失和可实现的纠缠分配速率。我们还提供了这些纠缠分配率与基于地基量子中继器方案的速率之间的比较。总的来说，我们的工作提供了理论工具和制作卫星的全球量子互联网现实所需的实验指导。

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