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Atmospheric deposition and land-surface runoff driven nutrient flushing in Ganga River (India)

机译：甘河（印度）的大气沉积和陆地径流驱动营养营养冲洗

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Disproportionate addition of nutrients can alter the nutrient stoichiometric balance of surface water bodies. In the present study, we investigated the atmospheric deposition (AD) and runoff-induced nutrient enrichment and N:P stoichiometric shifts in the Ganga River along a 35 km stretch of Varanasi city. The region receives 8–42 kg ha?1 of reactive-N (NO3? + NH4+) and 0.40–3.10 kg ha?1 of PO43- through AD annually. The most polluted Rajghat Site receives ~770.50 tons of reactive-N (Nr) and ~64.50 tons of PO43- annually as AD input in the sub-watershed; and ~25.10 tons of Nr and 2.09 tons of PO43- directly on the water surface. Concentrations of nutrients in surface runoff increased with AD input irrespective of land use. Among land use categories, the runoff nitrate was highest from agricultural catchment while NH4+ and PO43- were highest from urban areas. The study showed that the AD-runoff coupled with additional supplies could substantially alter the overall load and stoichiometric ratios of critical nutrients with a consequent effect on ecological functioning of the river in long-run.
机译：不成比例的添加营养物质可以改变表面水体的营养化学计量平衡。在本研究中，我们研究了大气沉积（AD）和径流诱导的营养丰富，沿着恒星市35公里的瓦拉纳西城市的甘河河流突然转移。该区域接收8-42 kg ha 1/pry-n（no 3 αs≤x≤x≤x/ sup> + nh 4 <通过每年通过广告，Sup> + ）和0.40-3.10kg ha α1///p> 1/3 / sup> 3 - 通过广告。最受污染的Rajghat站点接收〜770.50吨反应性-N（NR）和〜64.50吨PO 4 3 - 作为子流域中的广告输入;直接在水面上和直接在水面上〜25.10吨NR和2.09吨PO 4 。无论土地使用如何，表面径流中营养素营养素的浓度都会增加。在土地利用类别中，径流硝酸盐从农业过程中最高，而NH 4 + 和po 4 3 - 从城市地区最高。该研究表明，与额外用品相结合的Ad-Runoff可以基本上改变关键营养成分的总载荷和化学计量比，从而影响了长期河流的生态功能的影响。

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