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首页> 外文期刊>Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions >Global trends and European emissions of tetrafluoromethane (CF 4 ), hexafluoroethane (C 2 F 6 ) and octafluoropropane (C 3 F 8 )
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Global trends and European emissions of tetrafluoromethane (CF 4 ), hexafluoroethane (C 2 F 6 ) and octafluoropropane (C 3 F 8 )

机译：四氟甲烷（CF 4），六氟乙烷（C 2 F 6）和八氟丙烷（C 3 F 8）的全球趋势和欧洲排放

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Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) are amongst the most potent greenhouse gases listed under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). With atmospheric lifetimes on the order of thousands to tens of thousands of years, PFC emissions represent a permanent alteration to the global atmosphere on human timescales. While the industries responsible for the vast majority of these emissions – aluminium smelting and semi-conductor manufacturing – have made efficiency improvements and introduced abatement measures, the global mean mole fractions of three PFCs, namely tetrafluoromethane (CF 4 , PFC-14), hexafluoroethane (C 2 F 6 , PFC-116) and octafluoropropane (C 3 F 8 , PFC-218), continue to grow. In this study, we update baseline growth rates using in?situ high-frequency measurements from the Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment (AGAGE) and, using data from four European stations, estimate PFC emissions for northwest Europe. The global growth rate of CF 4 decreased from 1.3?ppt?yr ?1 in 1979 to 0.6?ppt?yr ?1 around?2010 followed by a renewed steady increase to 0.9?ppt?yr ?1 in?2019. For C 2 F 6 , the growth rate grew to a maximum of 0.125?ppt?yr ?1 around?1999, followed by a decline to a minimum of 0.075?ppt?yr ?1 in 2009, followed by weak growth thereafter. The C 3 F 8 growth rate was around 0.007?ppt?yr ?1 until the early 1990s and then quickly grew to a maximum of 0.03?ppt?yr ?1 in 2003–2004. Following a period of decline until 2012 to 0.015?ppt?yr ?1 , the growth rate slowly increased again to ～ ?0.017?ppt?yr ?1 in 2019. We used an inverse modelling framework to infer PFC emissions for northwest Europe. No statistically significant trend in regional emissions was observed for any of the PFCs assessed. For CF 4 , European emissions in early years were linked predominantly to the aluminium industry. However, we link large emissions in recent years to a chemical manufacturer in northwest Italy. Emissions of C 2 F 6 are linked to a range of sources, including a semi-conductor manufacturer in Ireland and a cluster of smelters in Germany's Ruhr valley. In contrast, northwest European emissions of C 3 F 8 are dominated by a single source in northwest England, raising the possibility of using emissions from this site for a tracer release experiment.
机译：全氟化物（PFCS）是联合国气候变化框架公约（UNFCCC）上市最有效的温室气体之一。随着大气的寿命，大约成千上万的历史数千年，PFC排放代表了对人类时间尺度的全球气氛的永久性改变。虽然负责绝大多数这些排放的行业 - 铝冶炼和半导体制造 - 已经取得了效率的改进和引入了减排措施，但全球平均摩尔分数的三种PFCs，即四氟甲烷（CF 4，PFC-14），六氟乙烷（C 2 F 6，PFC-116）和八氟丙烷（C 3 F 8，PFC-218），继续生长。在这项研究中，我们使用来自先进的全球大气气体实验（疟原虫）的原位高频测量来更新基线增长率，并使用四个欧洲站点的数据，估算西北部的PFC排放量。 CF 4的全球增长率从1.3点下降？PPT？YR？1在1979年到0.6？PPT？YR？2010年左右的速度，然后重新稳步增加到0.9？PPT？百○对于C 2 F 6，增长率最高为0.125？PPT？YR？1左右？1999年，其次下降至最低0.075？PPT？YR？1在2009年，其后疲软的增长。 C 3 F 8增长率约为0.007？PPT？YR？1直到20世纪90年代初，然后迅速增长至最多0.03？PPT 2003-2004在2012年至2012年至0.015的衰退之后？PPT？1，生长速度慢慢增加到〜？0.017？PPT？YR？1在2019年。我们使用反向建模框架来推断西北欧洲的PFC排放。对于评估的任何PFC，没有观察到区域排放的统计学意义。对于CF 4，初期的欧洲排放主要与铝业相关联。然而，我们近年来将大型排放量联系于意大利西北部的化学制造商。 C 2 F 6的排放与一系列源相关联，包括爱尔兰的半导体制造商和德国Ruhr谷的一组冶炼厂。相比之下，西北欧洲C 3 F 8的排放由英格兰西北部的单一来源主导，提高了从本网站的排放的可能性进行跟踪释放实验。

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