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首页> 外文期刊>Geosphere >Focused fluid flow and methane venting along the Queen Charlotte fault, offshore Alaska (USA) and British Columbia (Canada)
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Focused fluid flow and methane venting along the Queen Charlotte fault, offshore Alaska (USA) and British Columbia (Canada)

机译：沿着女王夏洛特故障，伊萨拉（美国）和不列颠哥伦比亚省（加拿大）沿着女王夏洛特故障的重点流体流动和甲烷排放

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Fluid seepage along obliquely deforming plate boundaries can be an important indicator of crustal permeability and influence on fault-zone mechanics and hydrocarbon migration. The ～850-km-long Queen Charlotte fault (QCF) is the dominant structure along the right-lateral transform boundary that separates the Pacific and North American tectonic plates offshore southeastern Alaska (USA) and western British Columbia (Canada). Indications for fluid seepage along the QCF margin include gas bubbles originating from the seafloor and imaged in the water column, chemosynthetic communities, precipitates of authigenic carbonates, mud volcanoes, and changes in the acoustic character of seismic reflection data. Cold seeps sampled in this study preferentially occur along the crests of ridgelines associated with uplift and folding and between submarine canyons that incise the continental slope strata. With carbonate stable carbon isotope (δ 13 C) values ranging from ?46‰ to ?3‰, there is evidence of both microbial and thermal degradation of organic matter of continental-margin sediments along the QCF. Both active and dormant venting on ridge crests indicate that the development of anticlines is a key feature along the QCF that facilitates both trapping and focused fluid flow. Geochemical analyses of methane-derived authigenic carbonates are evidence of fluid seepage along the QCF since the Last Glacial Maximum. These cold seeps sustain vibrant chemosynthetic communities such as clams and bacterial mats, providing further evidence of venting of reduced chemical fluids such as methane and sulfide along the QCF.
机译：沿着斜变形板边界的流体渗流可以是地壳渗透性的重要指标和对故障区力学和烃迁移的影响。 〜850公里长的女王夏洛特故障（QCF）是沿着右侧变换边界的主导结构，将太平洋和北美构造板材近海东南阿拉斯加（美国）和英国哥伦比亚（加拿大）分开。沿着QCF边缘的流体渗流的适应症包括源自海底和在水柱中成像的气泡，Chemigencicities，Authigenic碳酸盐，泥火山的沉淀物，以及地震反射数据的声学特征的变化。在本研究中采样的冷渗透优选沿着与隆起和折叠相关的脊柱冠和切有大陆斜率地层的潜艇峡谷之间的嵴。碳酸盐稳定的碳同位素（δ13c）值范围为46°至α3‰，存在沿着QCF的欧式裕度沉积物的微生物和热降解的微生物和热降解。在岭嵴上的主动和休眠通风表明，逆线的开发是沿QCF的关键特征，便于捕获和聚焦的流体流动。甲烷衍生的土着碳酸盐的地球化学分析是由于最后冰川最大值以来沿着QCF渗漏的证据。这些冷渗在燃烧的化学合作社区，如蛤蜊和细菌垫，提供了进一步证明沿着QCF沿QCF的甲烷和硫化物等减少的化学液。

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