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首页> 外文期刊>Nano-Micro Letters >High-Defect-Density Graphite for Superior-Performance Aluminum-Ion Batteries with Ultra-Fast Charging and Stable Long Life
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High-Defect-Density Graphite for Superior-Performance Aluminum-Ion Batteries with Ultra-Fast Charging and Stable Long Life

机译：高缺陷密度石墨，用于高性能铝离子电池，具有超快速充电和稳定的长寿命

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Rechargeable aluminum-ion batteries (AIBs) are a new generation of low-cost and large-scale electrical energy storage systems. However, AIBs suffer from a lack of reliable cathode materials with insufficient intercalation sites, poor ion-conducting channels, and poor diffusion dynamics of large chloroaluminate anions (AlCl4? and Al2Cl7?). To address these issues, surface-modified graphitic carbon materials [i.e., acid-treated expanded graphite (AEG) and base-etched graphite (BEG)] are developed as novel cathode materials for ultra-fast chargeable AIBs. AEG has more turbostratically ordered structure covered with abundant micro- to nano-sized pores on the surface structure and expanded interlayer distance (d002?=?0.3371 nm) realized by surface treatment of pristine graphite with acidic media, which can be accelerated the diffusion dynamics and efficient AlCl4? ions (de)-intercalation kinetics. The AIB system employing AEG exhibits a specific capacity of 88.6 mAh g?1 (4 A g?1) and?~?80 mAh g?1 at an ultra-high current rate of 10 A g?1 (~?99.1% over 10,000 cycles). BEG treated with KOH solution possesses the turbostratically disordered structure with high density of defective sites and largely expanded d-spacing (d002?=?0.3384 nm) for attracting and uptaking more AlCl4? ions with relatively shorter penetration depth. Impressively, the AIB system based on the BEG cathode delivers a high specific capacity of 110 mAh g?1 (4 A g?1) and?~?91 mAh g?1 (~?99.9% over 10,000 cycles at 10 A g?1). Moreover, the BEG cell has high energy and power densities of 247 Wh kg?1 and 44.5 kW kg?1. This performance is one of the best among the AIB graphitic carbon materials reported for chloroaluminate anions storage performance. This finding provides great significance for the further development of rechargeable AIBs with high energy, high power density, and exceptionally long life.
机译：可充电铝离子电池（AIBS）是一种新一代低成本和大型电能存储系统。然而，AIBS缺乏缺乏可靠的阴极材料，插入位点不足，离子导电通道差，大氯铝酸盐阴离子的差的扩散动态（ALCL4？和Al2Cl7？）。为了解决这些问题，表面改性的石墨碳材料[即，酸处理的膨胀石墨（AEG）和碱蚀刻的石墨（Beg）是用于超快速充电AIB的新型阴极材料。 AEG在表面结构上具有丰富的微孔至纳米尺寸孔隙，并通过酸性介质的原始石墨的表面处理实现的膨胀层间距离（D002≤= 0.3371纳米）覆盖着更大的微孔孔隙（D002？= 0.3371nm）。这可以加速扩散动态和高效的ALCL4？离子（DE） - 凝身动力学。采用AEG的AIB系统表现出88.6mah g？1（4 ag≤1）的特定容量，并且〜Δ80mahg≤1以超高电流速率为10 a g？1（〜？99.1％ 10,000个循环）。对Koh溶液处理的原因具有涡轮瘤混乱的结构，具有高密度缺陷位点，并且在很大程度上扩展D-间距（D002？= 0.3384nm），用于吸引和加强更多ALCL4？离子具有相对较短的渗透深度。令人印象深刻地，基于Beg阴极的AIB系统提供了110 MAH G？1（4 A G'1）的高比容量和？〜？91 MAH G？1（〜？99.9％超过10,000次循环） 1）。此外，Beg电池具有高能量和功率密度为247WHG≤1和44.5 kW kg？1。这种性能是用于氯铝酸盐阴离子储存性能的AIB石墨碳材料中最好的性能之一。该发现对于具有高能量，高功率密度和特别长的寿命的可充电AIB的进一步发展提供了重要意义。

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