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首页> 外文期刊>Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research >Toxicological and ecotoxicological pressure due to pesticide use in Sancti Spíritus, Cuba
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Toxicological and ecotoxicological pressure due to pesticide use in Sancti Spíritus, Cuba

机译：古巴SanctiSpíritus的毒理学和生态毒理学压力

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Aim of study: To quantify the toxicity and ecotoxicological pressure of pesticides in Sancti Spíritus province, Cuba, between 2011 and 2014. Material and methods : A longitudinal descriptive study was designed for the study period, to identify potential risks to the environment and human health associated with the use of pesticides. In order to determine the toxicity and ecotoxicity of pesticide use, ?Seq (Spread equivalents), POCER (Pesticide Occupational and Environmental Risk) indicator, and the Toxic Load (TL) methodology of the Plant Health Cuban Institute were used. Main results : Corresponding to 62 chemical families, 124 active ingredients were applied in the province during the study period. Organophosphates, carbamates, pyrethroids, inorganic compounds (such as copper), dithiocarbamates, aryloxyphenoxypropionates, neonicotinoids, sulfonylurea, triazoles, and organochlorines predominated due to their frequency of use. Use of toxic-pesticides, lack of personal protection equipment amount others made workers, residents and applicators the toxicological modules with the highest risk of exposure. From the POCER results we found that aquatic organisms, persistence, and groundwater are the modules with the highest ecotoxicological pressure. Research highlights: With the use of the POCER indicator as well as ?Seq, a more accurate assessment of toxicity and ecotoxicity from certain pesticide can be done instead of the TL equation currently used in Cuba. In addition substitution of the most toxic pesticides by less toxic ones could help to reduce synthetic pesticide pressure on humans and the environment. This study can help to develop policies and management practices to reduce the hazards of synthetic pesticide use in Cuba.
机译：研究的目的：量化2011年和2014年在古巴古巴古巴毒药的毒性和生态毒理学压力。材料与方法：设计了纵向描述性研究，为研究期间识别环境和人类健康的潜在风险与使用杀虫剂有关。为了确定农药使用的毒性和生态毒性，使用？SEQ（传播等价物），佩塞勒（农药职业和环境风险）指标，以及植物健康古巴研究所的毒性负荷（TL）方法。主要结果：对应于62家化学家庭，在研究期间在该省应用124种活性成分。有机磷酸盐，氨基甲酸酯，拟除虫菊酯，无机化合物（如铜），二硫代氨基甲酸酯，芳氧基苯氧基丙酸盐，新烟碱，磺酰脲，三唑和有机氯由于它们的使用频率而占主导地位。使用毒性农药，缺乏个人保护设备的数额为其他人制造工人，居民和涂药器具有最高风险的毒理学模块。从验佩结果，我们发现水生生物，持久性和地下水是具有最高生态毒理学压力的模块。研究亮点：通过使用验敏指示器以及SEQ，可以更准确地评估来自某些农药的毒性和生态毒性，而不是目前在古巴使用的TL等式。此外，通过较低的毒性替代最有毒的农药可以有助于减少对人类和环境的合成农药压力。本研究有助于制定政策和管理实践，以减少古巴的合成农药使用的危害。

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