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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Microbiology >A Comprehensive Account of Escherichia coli Sequence Type 131 in Wastewater Reveals an Abundance of Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Clade A Strains
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A Comprehensive Account of Escherichia coli Sequence Type 131 in Wastewater Reveals an Abundance of Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Clade A Strains

机译：废水中的大肠杆菌序列131型综合叙述揭示了丰富的氟喹诺酮抗性地腐株

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In the ten years since its discovery, the Escherichia coli clone sequence type 131 (ST131) has become a major international health threat, with the multidrug-resistant and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing clade C emerging as the globally dominant form. ST131 has previously been isolated from wastewater; however, most of these studies selectively screened for ESBL-producing organisms, thereby missing the majority of remaining ST131 clades. In this study, we used a high-throughput PCR-based screening strategy to comprehensively examine wastewater for the presence of ST131 over a 1-year period. Additional multiplex PCRs were used to differentiate clades and obtain an unbiased account of the total ST131 population structure within the collection. Furthermore, antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of all ST131-positive samples were tested against a range of commonly used antibiotics. From a total of over 3,762 E. coli wastewater samples, 1.86% ( n ?=?70) tested positive for ST131, with the majority being clade A isolates. In total, 63% ( n ?=?44) were clade A, 29% ( n ?=?20) were clade B, 1% ( n ?=?1) were clade C0, 6% ( n ?=?4) were clade C1, and 1% ( n ?=?1) were clade C2. In addition, a very high rate of resistance to commonly used antibiotics among wastewater isolates is reported, with 72.7% ( n ?=?32) of clade A resistant to ciprofloxacin and high rates of resistance to gentamicin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, and tetracycline in clades that are typically sensitive to antibiotics.IMPORTANCE ST131 is a global pathogen. This clone causes urinary tract infections and is frequently isolated from human sources. However, little is known about ST131 from environmental sources. With the widely reported increase in antibiotic concentrations found in wastewater, there is additional selection pressure for the emergence of antibiotic-resistant ST131 in this niche. The unbiased screening approach reported herein revealed that previously antibiotic-sensitive lineages of ST131 are now resistant to commonly used antibiotics present in wastewater systems and may be capable of surviving UV sterilization. This is the most comprehensive account of ST131 in the wastewater niche to date and an important step in better understanding the ecology of this global pathogen.
机译：自发现以来的十年中，大肠杆菌克隆序列类型131（ST131）已成为主要的国际健康威胁，具有多药和扩展β-内酰胺酶（ESBL） - 作为全球显性的新兴的Clade C形式。 ST131先前已从废水中分离出来;然而，这些研究中的大多数研究选择性地筛选了产生ESBL-产生的生物体，从而缺少剩余的ST131片状的大部分。在这项研究中，我们使用了基于高吞吐量的PCR的筛选策略，以在1年内全面研究ST131的存在。额外的多重PCR用于区分片状并获得收集内的总ST131种群结构的无偏见。此外，测试所有ST131阳性样品的抗微生物易感性谱对一系列常用的抗生素进行测试。从总共超过3,762种大肠杆菌废水样品，1.86％（n？=Δ70）测试ST131阳性，大多数是分离株。总共63％（n？=Δ44）是疏枝a，29％（n？=η20）是胰蛋白δ，1％（n？=Δ1）是疏枝c0,6％（n？=？4 ）是胰蛋白C1，1％（n？=β1）是疏枝C2。此外，报道了废水分离株中常用抗生素的耐常用抗生素的耐受性非常高的抗性抗性，其抗链氟氟氯丙嘧啶和对庆大霉素，磺胺甲恶唑 - 三甲双胍和四环素的高抗性的高抗性通常对抗生素敏感的片状.Portance ST131是全球病原体。该克隆导致尿路感染，经常与人类来源分离。然而，对于来自环境来源的ST131很少。随着废水中发现的抗生素浓度的普遍报道，存在额外的选择压力，用于在该地理素中出现抗生素抗性ST131。本文报道的无偏见的筛选方法显示，ST131的先前抗生素敏感谱系现在抗废水系统中存在的常用抗生素，并且可能能够存活紫外线灭菌。这是迄今为止迄今为止的废水利基中最全面的ST131叙述，并更好地理解这种全球病原体的生态学。

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