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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Microbiology >Short- and Long-Term Transcriptomic Responses of Escherichia coli to Biocides: a Systems Analysis
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Short- and Long-Term Transcriptomic Responses of Escherichia coli to Biocides: a Systems Analysis

机译：大肠杆菌对杀生物剂的短期和长期转录组反应：系统分析

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The mechanisms of the bacterial response to biocides are poorly understood, despite their broad application. To identify the genetic basis and pathways implicated in the biocide stress response, we exposed Escherichia coli populations to 10 ubiquitous biocides. By comparing the transcriptional responses between a short-term exposure (30?min) and a long-term exposure (8 to 12?h) to biocide stress, we established the common gene and pathway clusters that are implicated in general and biocide-specific stress responses. Our analysis revealed a temporal choreography, starting from the upregulation of chaperones to the subsequent repression of motility and chemotaxis pathways and the induction of an anaerobic pool of enzymes and biofilm regulators. A systematic analysis of the transcriptional data identified a zur -regulated gene cluster to be highly active in the stress response against sodium hypochlorite and peracetic acid, presenting a link between the biocide stress response and zinc homeostasis. Susceptibility assays with knockout mutants further validated our findings and provide clear targets for downstream investigation of the implicated mechanisms of action.IMPORTANCE Antiseptics and disinfectant products are of great importance to control and eliminate pathogens, especially in settings such as hospitals and the food industry. Such products are widely distributed and frequently poorly regulated. Occasional outbreaks have been associated with microbes resistant to such compounds, and researchers have indicated potential cross-resistance with antibiotics. Despite that, there are many gaps in knowledge about the bacterial stress response and the mechanisms of microbial resistance to antiseptics and disinfectants. We investigated the stress response of the bacterium Escherichia coli to 10 common disinfectant and antiseptic chemicals to shed light on the potential mechanisms of tolerance to such compounds.
机译：尽管其施用广泛，但仍然明显地理解了对杀生物剂的细菌反应的机制。为了鉴定遗传基础和涉及杀生物剂应激反应的途径，我们将大肠杆菌群暴露于10个无处不在的杀生物剂。通过比较短期暴露（30≤min）与长期暴露（8至12μl）与杀生物剂应激之间的转录响应，我们建立了含有一般和杀生物剂的常见的常见基因和途径簇压力反应。我们的分析揭示了一种时间舞蹈，从伴侣酮的上调到随后的动力和趋化途径以及诱导酶酶和生物膜调节剂的诱导。对转录数据的系统分析鉴定了一种Zur-Regulated基因簇在对次氯酸钠和过乙酸的应力响应中具有高度活性的，呈现杀生物剂应激反应和锌稳态之间的联系。具有敲除突变体的易感性测定进一步验证了我们的调查结果，并为下游调查提供了明确的疗法机制的明确目标。分析抗菌剂和消毒剂产品具有重要的控制和消除病原体，特别是在医院和食品行业等环境中。此类产品广泛分布，经常受到严格差。偶尔爆发已经与耐种此类化合物的微生物相关，研究人员表明患有抗生素的潜在的交叉抗性。尽管如此，关于细菌应激反应的知识存在许多差距以及微生物抗性与防腐剂和消毒剂的机制。我们调查了细菌大肠杆菌对10种常见消毒剂和防腐化学物质的应激反应，以脱落对这些化合物的潜在耐受性的潜在机制。

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