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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Microbiology >Industrially Applicable De Novo Lager Yeast Hybrids with a Unique Genomic Architecture: Creation and Characterization
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Industrially Applicable De Novo Lager Yeast Hybrids with a Unique Genomic Architecture: Creation and Characterization

机译：工业上适用的De Novo Lager酵母杂交种，具有独特的基因组建筑：创造和表征

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Lager beer is produced by Saccharomyces pastorianus , which is a natural allopolyploid hybrid between Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces eubayanus . Lager strains are classified into two major groups based largely on genomic composition: group I and group II. Group I strains are allotriploid, whereas group II strains are allotetraploid. A lack of phenotypic diversity in commercial lager strains has led to substantial interest in the reconstitution of de novo allotetraploid lager strains by hybridization of S. cerevisiae and S. eubayanus strains. Such strategies rely on the hybridization of wild S. eubayanus isolates, which carry unacceptable traits for commercial lager beer such as phenolic off flavors and incomplete utilization of carbohydrates. Using an alternative breeding strategy, we have created de novo lager hybrids containing the domesticated S. eubayanus subgenome from an industrial S. pastorianus strain by hybridizing diploid meiotic segregants of this strain to a variety of S. cerevisiae ale strains. Five de novo hybrids were isolated which had fermentation characteristics similar to those of prototypical commercial lager strains but with unique phenotypic variation due to the contributions of the S. cerevisiae parents. Genomic analysis of these de novo lager hybrids identified novel allotetraploid genomes carrying three copies of the S. cerevisiae genome and one copy of the S. eubayanus genome. Most importantly, these hybrids do not possess the negative traits which result from breeding wild S. eubayanus . The de novo lager strains produced using industrial S. pastorianus in this study are immediately suitable for industrial lager beer production.IMPORTANCE All lager beer is produced using two related lager yeast types: group I and group II, which are highly similar, resulting in a lack of strain diversity for lager beer production. To date, approaches for generating new lager yeasts have generated strains possessing undesirable brewing characteristics which render them commercially inviable. We have used an alternative approach that circumvents this issue and created new lager strains that are directly suitable for lager beer production. These novel lager strains also possess a unique genomic architecture, which may lead to a better understanding of industrial yeast hybrids. We propose that strains created using our approach be classified as a third group of lager strains (group III). We anticipate that these novel lager strains will be of great industrial relevance and that this technique will be applicable to the creation of additional novel lager strains that will help broaden the diversity in commercial lager beer strains.
机译：啤酒啤酒是由酿酒酵母产生的，它是一种天然的全多肽杂交杂交杂交杂交体，酿酒酵母在酿酒酵母和酿酒酵母中。 LAGER TRAINS分为两个主要群体，主要是基因组成分：I族和II组。 I族菌株是单倍体，而第II族菌株是同种异体一种单三倍体。缺乏商业储存菌株的表型多样性导致通过杂交S.Cerevisiae和S. Zubayanus菌株的杂交来重建De Novo Allotetroploid Lager菌株的兴趣。这些策略依赖于野生S. Zubayanus分离株的杂交，其携带商业贮藏啤酒的不可接受的性状，例如酚类味道和碳水化合物不完全使用。使用替代育种策略，我们通过将这种菌株的二倍体分离物杂交至各种S.Cereiaea ALE菌株，创建了从工业S. Pastorianus菌株中含有驯养的S. eubayanus亚基的De Novo Lager杂交种。分离了五种Novo杂种，其具有与原型商业储存的发酵特征类似，但由于S.酿酒酵母父母的贡献，具有独特的表型变异。这些de novo leag杂种的基因组分析鉴定了携带三份酿酒酵母基因组的三个拷贝的新型同种异体四倍体基因组和S. eubayanus基因组的一份拷贝。最重要的是，这些杂种不具有繁殖野生S. Zubayanus产生的负性状。在本研究中使用工业S. Pastorianus生产的De Novo Lager菌株立即适用于工业啤酒啤酒生产。分别使用两种相关的啤酒酵母类型的所有贮藏啤酒：I组和第II组，这是高度相似的，导致储存啤酒生产缺乏应变多样性。迄今为止，用于产生新的贮藏酵母的方法产生了具有不希望的酿造特性的菌株，使其可商业易听。我们使用了一种替代方法，旨在避免这个问题，并创造了直接适合啤酒啤酒生产的新啤酒株。这些新型贮藏株菌株也具有独特的基因组建筑，这可能导致对工业酵母杂交种的更好理解。我们建议使用我们的方法创建的菌株被归类为第三组贮藏株（第三组）。我们预计这些新颖的贮藏株菌株将具有巨大的工业相关性，并且这种技术将适用于建立额外的新型贮藏株，这将有助于扩大商业啤酒啤酒株的多样性。

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