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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Microbiology >Plant-Scale Validation of Physical Heat Treatment of Poultry Litter Composts Using Surrogate and Indicator Microorganisms for Salmonella
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Plant-Scale Validation of Physical Heat Treatment of Poultry Litter Composts Using Surrogate and Indicator Microorganisms for Salmonella

机译：植物规模验证使用替代蛋白和指示器微生物的家禽产物堆肥物理热处理

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This study selected and used indicator and surrogate microorganisms for Salmonella to validate the processes for physically heat-treated poultry litter compost in litter processing plants. Initially, laboratory validation studies indicated that reductions of 1.2 to 2.7 log or more of desiccation-adapted Enterococcus faecium NRRL B-2354 were equivalent to?>5-log reductions of desiccation-adapted Salmonella enterica serovar Senftenberg 775/W in poultry litter compost, depending on treatment conditions and compost types. Plant validation studies were performed in one turkey litter compost processor and one laying hen litter compost processor. E. faecium was inoculated at ca. 7 log CFU g~(?1) into the turkey litter compost and at ca. 5 log CFU g~(?1) into laying hen litter compost with respectively targeted moisture contents. The thermal processes in the two plants yielded 2.8 to >6.4 log CFU g~(?1) (>99.86%) reductions in E. faecium . Similarly, for the processing control samples, reductions of presumptive indigenous enterococci were on the order of 1.8 to 3.7 log CFU g~(?1) (98.22% to 99.98%) of the total naturally present. In contrast, there were fewer reductions of indigenous mesophiles (1.7 to 2.9 log CFU) and thermophiles (0.4 to 3.2 log CFU g~(?1)). More indigenous enterococci were inactivated in the presence of higher moisture in the poultry litter compost. Based on the data collected under the laboratory conditions, the processing conditions in both plants were adequate to reduce any potential Salmonella contamination of processed poultry litter compost by at least 5 logs, even though the processing conditions varied among trials and plants.IMPORTANCE Poultry litter compost, commonly used as a biological soil amendment, is subjected to a physical heat treatment in the industry setting to reduce pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella and produce a dry product. According to the FDA Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) produce safety rule, the thermal process for poultry litter compost should be scientifically validated to satisfy the microbial standard requirement. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first validation study in commercial poultry litter compost processing plants, and our results indicated that Salmonella levels, if present, could be reduced by at least 5 logs based on the reductions of surrogate and indicator microorganisms, even though the processing conditions in these commercial plants varied greatly. Furthermore, both indicator and surrogate microorganisms along with the custom-designed sampler can serve as practical tools for poultry litter compost processors to routinely monitor or validate their thermal processes without introducing pathogens into the industrial environments.
机译：本研究选择并使用了对沙门氏菌的指示剂和替代微生物，以验证垃圾加工厂中物理热处理的家禽凋落堆肥的方法。最初，实验室验证研究表明，减少1.2至2.7的降解或更多的干燥剂适应的肠球菌NRRL B-2354相当于βS肠道Serovar Serovar Serovar Serovar Senftenberg 775 / W的5-伐地根据治疗条件和堆肥类型。植物验证研究是在一个土耳其垃圾堆肥处理器和一个铺设母鸡垃圾堆处理器中进行的。 E.粪便在CA接种。 7将CFU G〜（？1）记录到土耳其垃圾堆肥和加利福尼亚州。 5将CFU g〜（α1）分别与靶向水分含量分别铺设母羊堆肥。两种植物中的热过程产生2.8至> 6.4对数CFU G〜（α1）（> 99.86％）减少在E. Faecium。类似地，对于加工控制样品，推定的本土肠球菌的减少约为1.8至3.7的秩序，其自然存在的总量为1.8至3.7〜7.7°G〜（？1）（98.22％至99.98％）。相比之下，土着内核化管（1.7至2.9 log CFU）和嗜热器（0.4至3.2 log CFU G〜（？1））的减少少。在家禽垃圾堆堆肥的较高水分存在下，更多土着肠球菌在患者中灭活。基于在实验室条件下收集的数据，这两种植物的加工条件足以减少至少5个原木的任何潜在的沙门氏菌污染，即使试验和植物之间的加工条件也各不相同。分类家禽垃圾堆肥通常用作生物土壤修正案，在工业环境中进行物理热处理，以减少致病性细菌，如沙门氏菌并产生干燥的产品。根据FDA食品安全现代化法案（FSMA）产生安全规则，应科学验证家禽垃圾堆肥的热过程，以满足微生物标准要求。据我们所知，这是商业家禽凋落物堆肥加工厂的第一个验证研究，我们的结果表明，如果存在的话，沙门氏菌水平可以减少至少5种基于代理和指示器微生物的数量，尽管这些商业设备中的加工条件也变得大大变化。此外，两个指示器和代理微生物以及定制设计的采样器可以作为家禽垃圾堆肥处理器的实用工具，以便在不将病原体引入工业环境的情况下常规监测或验证其热过程。

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