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首页> 外文期刊>Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy >Changes in cannabis use, exposure, and health perceptions following legalization of adult recreational cannabis use in California: a prospective observational study
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Changes in cannabis use, exposure, and health perceptions following legalization of adult recreational cannabis use in California: a prospective observational study

机译：在加利福尼亚州成年人休闲大麻的合法化后，大麻使用，曝光和健康知觉的变化：一个预期的观察研究

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Most U.S. states have legalized cannabis for medical and/or recreational use. In a 6-month prospective observational study, we examined changes in adult cannabis use patterns and health perceptions following broadened legalization of cannabis use from medical to recreational purposes in California. Respondents were part of Stanford University’s WELL for Life registry, an online adult cohort concentrated in Northern California. Surveys were administered online in the 10?days prior to state legalization of recreational use (1/1/18) and 1-month (2/1/18–2/15/18) and 6-months (7/1/2018–7/15/18) following the change in state policy. Online surveys assessed self-reported past 30-day cannabis use, exposure to others’ cannabis use, and health perceptions of cannabis use. Logistic regression models and generalized estimating equations (GEE) examined associations between participant characteristics and cannabis use pre- to 1-month and 6-months post-legalization. The sample (N?=?429, 51% female, 55% non-Hispanic White, age mean?=?56?±?14.6) voted 58% in favor of state legalization of recreational cannabis use, with 26% opposed, and 16% abstained. Cannabis use in the past 30-days significantly increased from pre-legalization (17%) to 1-month post-legalization (21%; odds ratio (OR)?=?1.28, p-value (p)?=?.01) and stayed elevated over pre-legalization levels at 6-months post-legalization (20%; OR?=?1.28, p?=?.01). Exposure to others’ cannabis use in the past 30?days did not change significantly over time: 41% pre-legalization, 44% 1-month post-legalization (OR?=?1.18, p?=?.11), and 42% 6-months post-legalization (OR?=?1.08, p?=?.61). Perceptions of health benefits of cannabis use increased from pre-legalization to 6-months post-legalization (OR?=?1.19, p?=?.02). Younger adults, those with fewer years of education, and those reporting histories of depression were more likely to report recent cannabis use pre- and post-legalization. Other mental illness was associated with cannabis use at post-legalization only. In a multivariate GEE adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics and diagnoses, favoring legalization and the interaction of time and positive health perceptions were associated with a greater likelihood of using cannabis. Legalized recreational cannabis use was associated with greater self-reported past 30-day use post-legalization, and with more-positive health perceptions of cannabis use. Future research is needed to examine longer-term perceptions and behavioral patterns following legalization of recreational cannabis use, especially among those with mental illness.
机译：大多数美国各国对医疗和/或娱乐使用合法化了大麻。在一个为期6个月的前瞻性观察研究中，在扩大加利福尼亚州的医疗到娱乐目的的大麻使用的合法化后，我们检查了成年大麻使用模式和健康知识的变化。受访者是斯坦福大学对生命登记处的一部分，这是一个专注于加利福尼亚州的在线成人队列。调查在统治娱乐使用（1/1/18）和1个月（2/1 / 18-2 / 18/18）和6个月（7/1/2018在国家政策变更后的-7/15/18）。在线调查评估了自我报告的过去30天大麻使用，接触他人的大麻使用，以及大麻使用的健康看法。 Logistic回归模型和广义估计方程（GEE）在合法化后1个月和6个月内使用了参与者特征和大麻之间的关联。样品（n？= 429,51％女性，55％非西班牙裔白人，年龄意味着？=？56？±14.6）投票58％，有利于休闲大麻使用的合法化，而26％，而且16％的弃权。在过去30天的大麻使用从预先合法化（17％）到1个月的合法化后（21％;赔率比（或）？=？1.28，P）？= ?. 01 ））在合法化后6个月内保持预先合法化水平升高（20％;或？=？1.28，P？= ?. 01）。在过去的30日内接触他人的大麻用途？天没有随着时间的推移而变化显着变化：预先合法化41％，合法后44％（或？=？1.18，P？= ?. 11）和42合法后％6 - 月（或？=？1.08，p？=Δ.61）。对大麻的健康益处的看法使用从合法化后的预先合法化增加到6个月（或？=？1.19，p？= 02）。年幼的成年人，具有较少教育的人和那些报告的抑郁历史更有可能报告最近的大麻使用预先和后期。其他精神疾病仅在合法化后使用大麻。在调整的多变量GEE中，调整了社会碘的特征和诊断，有利于合法化和时间的相互作用和正卫生感知与使用大麻的更大可能性相关。合法化的休闲大麻使用与在合法后30天使用的更高的自我报告的自我报告中有关，以及对大麻使用的更积极的健康看法。需要进行未来的研究来检查休闲大麻使用合法化后的长期感知和行为模式，特别是在精神疾病中的休闲大麻。

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