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首页> 外文期刊>BMC Public Health >Dietary patterns and their associations with overweight/obesity among preschool children in Dongcheng District of Beijing: a cross-sectional study
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Dietary patterns and their associations with overweight/obesity among preschool children in Dongcheng District of Beijing: a cross-sectional study

机译：北京东城区学龄前儿童中学龄前儿童的膳食模式及其协会：横断面研究

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Abstract Background Few studies investigated the associations between dietary patterns and overweight/obesity among Chinese preschool children. Thus, the study aims to explore dietary patterns and their associations with overweight/obesity among preschool children in the Dongcheng District of Beijing. Methods With a stratified proportionate cluster sampling, the study included 3373 pairs of preschool children and their guardians. Children’s weight and height were measured by school nurses, and their food and beverage consumption frequencies were reported by guardians via a food frequency questionnaire. Children’s age, gender, physical activity time, and sedentary time, as well as their parents’ highest level of educational attainment, occupation, weight, and height were also collected. Dietary patterns were identified through exploratory factor analysis. Among these identified dietary patterns, the one with the largest factor score was defined as the predominant dietary pattern for each child. The associations between predominant dietary patterns and overweight/obesity were tested by two-level random-intercept logistic models with cluster-robust standard errors. Results Four dietary patterns, i.e., a “Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) and snack” pattern, a “Chinese traditional” pattern, a “Health conscious” pattern, and a “Snack” pattern, were identified. Among the children, 21.02% (95% CI : 19.68 to 22.43%) were predominated by the “SSB and snack” pattern, 27.78% (95% CI : 26.29 to 29.32%) by the “Chinese traditional” pattern, 24.90% (95% CI : 23.47 to 26.39%) by the “Health conscious” pattern, and 26.30% (95% CI : 24.84 to 27.81%) by the “Snack” pattern. After controlling for potential confounders, the “SSB and snack” pattern characterized by fresh fruit/vegetable juice, flavored milk drinks, carbonated drinks, flavored fruit/vegetable drinks, tea drinks, plant-protein drinks, puffed foods, fried foods, and Western fast foods was associated with a higher risk of overweight/obesity ( OR : 1.61, 95% CI :1.09 to 2.38), compared with the “Chinese traditional” pattern. Conclusions The preference for dietary patterns with high energy density but low nutritional value was prevalent among preschool children in the Dongcheng District of Beijing. Comprehensive measures to simultaneously reduce consumption of SSBs and unhealthy snacks among preschool children should be taken urgently to address the childhood obesity problem in China, particularly in metropolises.
机译：抽象背景少数研究调查了中国学龄前儿童饮食模式和超重/肥胖之间的协会。因此，该研究旨在探讨北京东城区学龄前儿童的超重/肥胖的饮食模式及其协会。方法采用分层比例采样，该研究包括3373对学龄前儿童及其监护人。儿童的体重和身高由学校护士衡量，他们的食品和饮料消耗频率通过食物频率调查问卷报告了监护人。还收集了儿童年龄，性别，身体活动时间和久坐时间，以及父母最高水平的教育程度，占领，体重和身高。通过探索因子分析确定饮食模式。在这些鉴定的饮食模式中，具有最大因子评分的饮食模式被定义为每个孩子的主要饮食模式。主要的饮食模式和超重/肥胖之间的关联由具有聚类稳健的标准错误的两级随机拦截逻辑模型测试。结果四种膳食图案，即“糖加饮料（SSB）和零食”模式，鉴定了“中国传统”模式，“健康意识”模式和“零食”模式。在儿童中，21.02％（95％CI：19.68％至22.43％）受“SSB和零食”模式占主导地位，27.78％（95％CI：26.29％至29.32％），“中国传统”模式，24.90％（ 95％CI：23.47至26.39％）通过“健康意识”模式，26.30％（95％CI：24.84至27.81％），“小吃”模式。在控制潜在混淆器后，“SSB和零食”模式以新鲜水果/蔬菜汁，味牛奶饮料，碳酸饮料，味道水果/蔬菜饮料，茶饮，植物蛋白饮料，膨化食品，油炸食品和西方与“中国传统”模式相比，快速食品与超重/肥胖的风险更高，超重/肥胖风险（或：1.61,95％：1.09至2.38）。结论北京东城区的学龄前儿童普遍存在的膳食模式的偏好，但营养价值低普遍存在。应迫切地采取综合措施，减少学龄前儿童中儿童儿童的消费和不健康的零食，以解决中国的儿童肥胖问题，特别是在大都市中。

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