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首页> 外文期刊>Atmospheric chemistry and physics >Large hemispheric difference in nucleation mode aerosol concentrations in the lowermost stratosphere at mid- and high latitudes
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Large hemispheric difference in nucleation mode aerosol concentrations in the lowermost stratosphere at mid- and high latitudes

机译：中高纬度地区下划线核浓度的大半球差异

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The details of aerosol processes and size distributions in the stratosphere are important for both heterogeneous chemistry and aerosol–radiation interactions. Using in situ, global-scale measurements of the size distribution of particles with diameters ?3?nm from the NASA Atmospheric Tomography Mission (ATom), we identify a mode of aerosol smaller than 12?nm in the lowermost stratosphere (LMS) at mid- and high latitudes. This mode is substantial only in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) and was observed in all four seasons. We also observe elevated SO 2 , an important precursor for new particle formation (NPF) and growth, in the NH LMS. We use box modelling and thermodynamic calculations to show that NPF can occur in the LMS conditions observed on ATom. Aircraft emissions are shown as likely sources of this SO 2 , as well as a potential source of nucleation mode particles directly emitted by or formed in the plume of the engines. These nucleation mode particles have the potential to grow to larger sizes and to coagulate with larger aerosol, affecting heterogeneous chemistry and aerosol–radiation interactions. Understanding all sources and characteristics of stratospheric aerosols is important in the context of anthropogenic climate change as well as proposals for climate intervention via stratospheric sulfur injection. This analysis not only adds to the, currently sparse, observations of the global impact of aviation, but also introduces another aspect of climate influence, namely a size distribution shift of the background aerosol distribution in the LMS.
机译：平流层气溶胶过程和尺寸分布的细节对于异质化学和气溶胶 - 辐射相互作用是重要的。使用原位，全局尺度测量粒度的尺寸分布，直径和GT直径。来自美国宇航局大气断层扫描任务（原子）的3？NM，我们在中高纬度和高纬度地区识别最下层平流层（LMS）小于12？NM的气溶胶。这种模式仅在北半球（NH）中很大，并且在所有四个赛季中观察到。我们还观察到升高的SO 2，是NH LMS在NH LMS中新颗粒形成（NPF）和生长的重要前兆。我们使用盒子建模和热力学计算，以表明在原子上观察到的LMS条件下可以发生NPF。飞机排放显示为该SO 2的可能来源，以及在发动机的羽流中直接发射或形成的核切割模式颗粒的潜在来源。这些成核模式颗粒具有较大尺寸的潜力，并用较大的气溶胶凝结，影响异质化学和气溶胶 - 辐射相互作用。了解平流层气溶胶的所有来源和特征在人为气候变化的背景下很重要，以及通过平坦硫注射的气候干预的提案。这种分析不仅增加了目前稀疏，观察的航空的全球影响，还介绍了气候影响的另一个方面，即LMS中的背景气溶胶分布的尺寸分布转移。

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