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首页> 外文期刊>JMIR public health and surveillance. >The Influence of Media Coverage and Governmental Policies on Google Queries Related to COVID-19 Cutaneous Symptoms: Infodemiology Study
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The Influence of Media Coverage and Governmental Policies on Google Queries Related to COVID-19 Cutaneous Symptoms: Infodemiology Study

机译：媒体覆盖和政府政策对与Covid-19皮肤症状相关的谷歌查询的影响：Infodemiology研究

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Background During COVID-19, studies have reported the appearance of internet searches for disease symptoms before their validation by the World Health Organization. This suggested that monitoring of these searches with tools including Google Trends may help monitor the pandemic itself. In Europe and North America, dermatologists reported an unexpected outbreak of cutaneous acral lesions (eg, chilblain-like lesions) in April 2020. However, external factors such as public communications may also hinder the use of Google Trends as an infodemiology tool. Objective The study aimed to assess the impact of media announcements and lockdown enforcement on internet searches related to cutaneous acral lesions during the COVID-19 outbreak in 2020. Methods Two searches on Google Trends, including daily relative search volumes for (1) “toe” or “chilblains” and (2) “coronavirus,” were performed from January 1 to May 16, 2020, with the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Italy, Spain, and Germany as the countries of choice. The ratio of interest over time in “chilblains” and “coronavirus” was plotted. To assess the impact of lockdown enforcement and media coverage on these internet searches, we performed an interrupted time-series analysis for each country. Results The ratio of interest over time in “chilblains” to “coronavirus” showed a constant upward trend. In France, Italy, and the United Kingdom, lockdown enforcement was associated with a significant slope change for “chilblain” searches with a variation coefficient of 1.06 (SE 0.42) (P=0.01), 1.04 (SE 0.28) (P.01), and 1.21 (SE 0.44) (P=0.01), respectively. After media announcements, these ratios significantly increased in France, Spain, Italy, and the United States with variation coefficients of 18.95 (SE 5.77) (P=.001), 31.31 (SE 6.31) (P.001), 14.57 (SE 6.33) (P=.02), and 11.24 (SE 4.93) (P=.02), respectively, followed by a significant downward trend in France (–1.82 [SE 0.45]), Spain (–1.10 [SE 0.38]), and Italy (–0.93 [SE 0.33]) (P.001, P=0.004, and P.001, respectively). The adjusted R2 values were 0.311, 0.351, 0.325, and 0.305 for France, Spain, Italy, and the United States, respectively, suggesting an average correlation between time and the search volume; however, this correlation was weak for Germany and the United Kingdom. Conclusions To date, the association between chilblain-like lesions and COVID-19 remains controversial; however, our results indicate that Google queries of “chilblain” were highly influenced by media coverage and government policies, indicating that caution should be exercised when using Google Trends as a monitoring tool for emerging diseases.
机译：背景技术在Covid-19期间，研究报告了世界卫生组织验证前互联网搜索的出现。这表明，使用包括谷歌趋势的工具监控这些搜索可能有助于监测大流行本身。在欧洲和北美，皮肤科医生在2020年4月报告了意外爆发皮肤患有皮肤患者（例如，克利伯因样病变）。然而，公共通信等外部因素也可能妨碍谷歌趋势作为一种信息化工具。目的该研究旨在评估媒体公告和锁定执行在2020年Covid-19爆发期间与皮肤患有皮肤患者病变相关的互联网搜索的影响。方法有两次搜索谷歌趋势，包括每日相对搜索卷（1）“脚趾”或“辣梭菌”和（2）“冠状病毒”是从1月1日至5月16日至5月16日开始的，与美国，英国，法国，意大利，西班牙和德国作为选择的国家。绘制了“乳霉菌”和“冠状病毒”中的利息之比。为了评估锁定执行和媒体覆盖对这些互联网搜索的影响，我们对每个国家进行了中断的时间序列分析。结果“赤毛绒”对“冠状病毒”的关注与“冠状病毒”的比率显示出恒定的上升趋势。在法国，意大利和英国，锁定执法与“闷烧”搜索的显着斜坡改变有关1.06（SE 0.42）（P = 0.01），1.04（SE 0.28）（P <0.01） ）和1.21（SE 0.44）（P = 0.01）。在媒体公告之后，法国，西班牙，意大利和美国的比例显着增加，具有18.95（SE 5.77）（P = .001），31.31（SE 6.31）（P = .001），14.57（SE 6.33）（P = .02）和11.24（SE 4.93）（P = .02），然后是法国的显着下降趋势（-1.82 [SE 0.45]），西班牙（-1.10 [SE 0.38]）和意大利（-0.93 [SE 0.33]）（P <.001，P = 0.004分别，P <0.001分别）。调整后的R2值分别为法国，西班牙，意大利和美国的0.311,0.351,0.325和0.305，表明时间与搜索量之间的平均相关性;然而，这种相关性对于德国和英国来说是薄弱的。结论迄今为止，克莱伯因病变与Covid-19之间的关联仍存在争议;但是，我们的结果表明，“克莱伯恩”的谷歌查询受到媒体报道和政府政策的高度影响，表明使用谷歌趋势作为新兴疾病的监测工具时应谨慎行事。

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