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首页> 外文期刊>BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making >Learnings from the design and acceptance of the German COVID-19 tracing app for IS-driven crisis management: a design science research
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Learnings from the design and acceptance of the German COVID-19 tracing app for IS-driven crisis management: a design science research

机译：德国Covid-19追踪应用程序的设计和验收的学习，可用于危机管理：设计科学研究

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This article investigates the research problem of digital solutions to overcome the pandemic, more closely examining the limited effectiveness and scope of the governmental COVID-19 tracing apps, using the German COVID-19 tracing app (Corona-Warn-App) as an example. A well-designed and effective instrument in the technological toolbox is of utmost importance to overcome the pandemic. A multi-methodological design science research approach was applied. In three development and evaluation cycles, we presented, prototyped, and tested user-centered ideas of functional and design improvement. The applied procedure contains (1) a survey featuring 1993 participants from Germany for evaluating the current app, (2) a gathering of recommendations from epidemiologists and from a focus group discussion with IT and health experts identifying relevant functional requirements, and (3) an online survey combined with testing our prototype with 53 participants to evaluate the enhanced tracing app. This contribution presents 14 identified issues of the German COVID-19 tracing app, six meta-requirements, and three design principles for COVID-19 tracing apps and future pandemic apps (e.g., more user involvement and transparency). Using an interactive prototype, this study presents an extended pandemic app, containing 13 potential front-end (i.e., information on the regional infection situation, education and health literacy, crowd and event notification) and six potential back-end functional requirements (i.e., ongoing modification of risk score calculation, indoor versus outdoor). In addition, a user story approach for the COVID-19 tracing app was derived from the findings, supporting a holistic development approach. Throughout this study, practical relevant findings can be directly transferred to the German and other international COVID-19 tracing applications. Moreover, we apply our findings to crisis management theory—particularly pandemic-related apps—and derive interdisciplinary learnings. It might be recommendable for the involved decision-makers and stakeholders to forego classic application management and switch to using an agile setup, which allows for a more flexible reaction to upcoming changes. It is even more important for governments to have a well-established, flexible, design-oriented process for creating and adapting technology to handle a crisis, as this pandemic will not be the last one.
机译：本文调查了数字解决方案的研究问题，以克服大流行，更加密切地研究政府Covid-19追踪应用程序的有限效力和范围，以德国Covid-19追踪应用程序（Corona-Warn-App）为例。在技​​术工具箱中精心设计和有效的仪器最重要的是克服大流行。采用多种方法设计科学研究方法。在三个开发和评估周期中，我们呈现，原型化，并测试了用户中心的功能和设计改进的思想。应用程序包含（1）一项调查德国的1993年参与者，用于评估当前的应用程序，（2）来自流行病学家的建议和识别相关功能要求的焦点小组讨论，以及（3）在线调查结合使用53名参与者测试我们的原型来评估增强型跟踪应用程序。此贡献提供了14个德国Covid-19追踪应用程序，六个元要求和Covid-19追踪应用程序和未来大流行应用的三个设计原则（例如，更多用户参与和透明度）。使用互动原型，本研究提出了一个扩展的大流行应用程序，其中包含13个潜在的前端（即关于区域感染情况，教育和健康识字，人群和事件通知的信息）以及六个潜在的后端功能要求（即，正在进行的风险分数计算修改，室内与户外）。此外，CoVID-19跟踪应用程序的用户故事方法来自调查结果，支持整体开发方法。在本研究中，实际相关调查结果可以直接转移到德国和其他国际Covid-19追踪应用程序。此外，我们将我们的调查结果应用于危机管理理论 - 特别是大流行相关的应用和衍生跨学科了解。它可能是建议所涉及的决策者和利益相关者来前进经典的应用程序管理和切换到使用敏捷设置，这允许更灵活的反应即将到来的变化。政府为创造和适应技术创造和适应技术来处理危机的过程更为重要，因为这种大流行不会是最后一个。

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