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Oilseed Rape Cultivars Show Diversity of Root Morphologies with the Potential for Better Capture of Nitrogen

机译：油菜品种表明根形态的多样性，具有更好地捕获氮的潜力

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The worldwide demand for vegetable oils is rising. Oilseed rape (Brassica napus) diversifies cereal dominated crop rotations but requires important nitrogen input. Yet, the root organ is offering an untapped opportunity to improve the nitrogen capture in soil. This study evaluates three culture systems in controlled environment, to observe root morphology and to identify root attributes for superior biomass production and nitrogen use. The phenotypic diversity in a panel of 55 modern winter oilseed rape cultivars was screened in response to two divergent nitrate supplies. Upon in vitro and hydroponic cultures, a large variability for root morphologies was observed. Root biomass and morphological traits positively correlated with shoot biomass or leaf area. The activities of high-affinity nitrate transport systems correlated negatively with the leaf area, while the combined high- and low-affinity systems positively with the total root length. The X-ray computed tomography permitted to visualize the root system in pipes filled with soil. The in vitro root phenotype at germination stage was indicative of lateral root deployment in soil-grown plants. This study highlights great genetic potential in oilseed rape, which could be manipulated to optimize crop root characteristics and nitrogen capture with substantial implications for agricultural production.
机译：植物油的全球需求正在上升。油菜油菜（芸苔）多样化谷物支配的作物旋转，但需要重要的氮气投入。然而，根器官正在提供未开发的机会，以改善土壤中的氮捕获。本研究评估了对受控环境中的三种培养系统，观察根形态，并识别卓越生物量产生和氮气使用的根属性。筛选了55种现代冬季油菜品种面板的表型多样性，以应对两种发散的硝酸盐供应。在体外和水培培养物上，观察到根形态的大变化。根生物质和形态特征与芽生物质或叶面积呈正相关。高亲和力硝酸盐输送系统的活性与叶面积负相关，而合并的高亲和力系统与总根长度相比。允许计算机断层扫描允许可视化充满土壤的管子中的根系。萌发阶段的体外根表型表示土壤生长植物中的侧向根部部署。本研究强调了油菜油菜的巨大遗传潜力，可以操纵以优化作物根特征和氮捕获，以对农业生产的大量影响。

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