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首页> 外文期刊>Nitrogen >Fate of Nitrogen from Artichoke ( Cynara cardunculus L. var. scolymus (L.)) Crop Residues: A Review and Lysimeter Study
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Fate of Nitrogen from Artichoke ( Cynara cardunculus L. var. scolymus (L.)) Crop Residues: A Review and Lysimeter Study

机译：朝鲜蓟氮的命运（Cynara cardunculus l.var。Scolymus（L.））作物残留物：综述和溶血仪研究

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摘要

The goal of the European Nitrate Directive 91/676/CEE is to mitigate or prevent water pollution associated with the nitrogen (N) cascade. Vegetable crops have a high risk of nitrate leaching during autumn and winter. Information about the fate of N from artichoke (Cynara cardunculus L. var. scolymus (L.)) residues is reviewed and then supplemented with a three-year study with 15N-labelled residues in an artichoke-cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. cv. botrytis) rotation in six lysimeters. After three years, 6% of N in artichoke residues was leached, 8% was exported by crops, while 86% remained in the lysimeter. Summed over the rotation, 16% of artichoke-residue N was absorbed by artichoke and 14% by cauliflower. Total aboveground N uptake by all crops during the entire rotation ranged from 370 to 534 kg N ha?1, of which 207–311 kg N ha?1 returned to the soil as residues. Increasing N-recycling efficiency and reducing the risk of N leaching while conserving crop productivity requires capturing N mineralized from soil organic N. Cauliflower performs this capture effectively during the drainage period. A break crop should be introduced after the first and second harvests of artichoke to further synchronize N mineralization and uptake and reduce leaching risk during the rotation.
机译：欧洲硝酸盐指令91/676 / CEE的目标是减轻或防止与氮气（n）级联相关的水污染。蔬菜作物在秋季和冬季期间具有高风险的硝酸盐浸出。关于N来自Artichoke的命运的信息（Cynara cardunculus l.var。Scolymus（L.））残留物进行综述，然后补充了朝鲜蓟 - 花椰菜（Brassica Oleracea L.CV）中具有15N标记的残留物的三年研究。 Botrytis）六个溶液旋转。三年后，朝鲜蓟残留量的6％浸出，8％的作物出口，而86％仍在尿素中。在旋转上求和，16％的朝鲜蓟残基N被朝鲜蓟吸收，14％通过花椰菜吸收。在整个旋转期间，所有作物的总面积上的NORGGROP N为370至534千克，其中207-311 kg n Ha？1作为残留物返回土壤。提高N-Recycling效率并降低N次浸出的风险，同时节省作物生产力，需要从土壤有机N.花椰菜在排水期间有效地进行N矿化。在朝鲜蓟的第一和第二收获之后，应引入断裂作物，以进一步同步N矿化和吸收，并在旋转期间减少浸出风险。

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