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Proton-Cluster-Beam Lethality and Mutagenicity in Bacillus subtilis Spores

机译：芽孢杆菌枯草芽孢杆菌孢子的质子簇束致死性和致突变性

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The unique energy transfer characteristics of swift cluster ions have attracted the attention of many researchers working on the analysis or processing of material surfaces, but the effects on living organisms remain unclear. We irradiated B. subtilis spores with monomer and cluster proton beams and examined their lethality; the 2 MeV H2+ shows a clearly lower lethality than 340 keV H+, even though both have a comparable linear energy transfer. The 2 MeV H2+ dissociates into a pair of 1 MeV H+ by losing the bonding electrons at the target surface. The estimated internuclear distance and the radial dose distribution suggest that the spread of deposited total energy over two areas separated by just several nanometers greatly diminishes beam lethality and that the energy density in the very center of the trajectory, possibly within a 1 nm radius, has a great impact on lethality. We also performed a whole genome resequencing of the surviving colonies to compare the molecular nature of mutations but failed to find a clear difference in overall characteristics. Our results suggest that cluster beams may be a useful tool for understanding biological effects of high linear energy transfer radiation.
机译：Swift集群离子的独特能量转移特性引起了许多研究人员对材料表面的分析或加工的研究人员的关注，但对生物体的影响仍然不清楚。我们用单体和簇质子束照射B.枯草芽孢杆菌孢子并检查了它们的致命性; 2 MeV H 2 +显示出比340keV H +显然降低的致命性，即使两者都具有相当的线性能量转移。通过在目标表面处失去粘合电子，将2 MeV H 2 +解离于一对1 meV H +。估计的核心距离和径向剂量分布表明，仅几纳米分离的两个区域的沉积总能量的扩散大大减少了光束致命性，并且轨迹的中心中心中的能量密度可能在1nm半径范围内。对杀伤性的影响很大。我们还表现出幸存的菌落的全部基因组重构，以比较突变的分子性质，但未能发现整体特征的明显差异。我们的研究结果表明，集群光束可以是理解高线性能量转移辐射的生物学效应的有用工具。

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