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Dietary Structure and Nutritional Status of Chinese Beekeepers: Demographic Health Survey

机译：中国养蜂人的饮食结构和营养状况：人口健康调查

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BACKGROUND:Beekeeping and honey gathering are traditional forms of agricultural farming in China. However, only few studies have focused on the nutritional status and health level of this special occupational group.OBJECTIVE:By comparing the health status of apiculturists (beekeepers) and vegetable farmers in plain areas of Hubei Province, and analyzing the influence of dietary structure and intake on their nutritional level, this paper provides a scientific theoretical basis for the further development of health education and disease prevention for beekeepers.METHODS:From February to April 2016, 191/236 beekeepers (80.9% of the total beekeepers) with large-scale breeding (300-500 colonies) and 182 vegetable farmers in the same area were sampled by the cluster sampling method. Their nutrient composition was analyzed using a human body composition analyzer, dietary structure information was collected using the dietary frequency query method, and cognitive function was investigated. In addition, blood samples of both groups were collected.RESULTS:A total of 362 valid questionnaires (beekeepers/vegetable farmers: 185/177) were collected, with an effective response rate of 97.1% (362/373). Both beekeepers and vegetable farmers were overweight, and the beekeepers' grip strength was much stronger than that of the vegetable farmers' regardless of gender. The dietary structure of beekeepers is very unique: 29.7% (55/185) of beekeepers indicated consuming royal jelly regularly for more than 10 years. Their main foods are grain, cereals, and fresh vegetables; 68.1% (126/185) of the beekeepers never drank milk and other dairy products, and their overall nutrient intake is unbalanced. The average intake of cellulose in this group was also significantly higher than that in the epidemiological survey in the same sex and age group. The intake of vitamin A and selenium in the beekeepers group was significantly higher than that in the vegetable-farmers group (all P.001). The blood indices of creatinine (P=.03) and blood copper (P.001) in the beekeepers group were significantly higher than those in the vegetable-farmers group, and the total protein, albumin, calcium, sodium, potassium, phosphorus, folic acid, and vitamin B12 in the beekeepers group were significantly lower than those in the vegetable-farmers group (P.03 for potassium and P.001 for others). The total Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score of the beekeepers group was 28.1, significantly higher (P=.006) than that of the vegetable-farmers group (23.3).CONCLUSIONS:The beekeepers in this area have their special dietary structure, body nutrient level, and disease characteristics. The cognitive level of the beekeepers who regularly consume royal jelly is significantly higher than that of their peers. The chronic diseases of this special occupational group are closely related to their lifestyle and nutritional status, so more attention and in-depth studies are needed to improve the quality of life of this population.?Boshi Wang, Zhangkai Jason Cheng, Qian Xu, Tiangang Zhu, Lin Su, Mingshan Xue, Lin Pei, Li Zhu, Peng Liu. Originally published in JMIR Public Health and Surveillance (https://publichealth.jmir.org), 03.05.2021.
机译：背景：养蜂和蜂蜜聚会是中国的传统农业种植形式。然而，只有少数研究都侧重于这一特殊职业集团的营养状况和健康水平。目的：通过比较湖北省平原地区养殖者（养蜂人）和蔬菜农民的健康状况，分析饮食结构的影响本文摄入营养水平，为养蜂人进一步发展健康教育和疾病预防的科学理论依据。方法：从2016年2月到2016年4月，191/236养蜂人（养蜂人总计80.9％）大规模通过簇采样方法采样相同区域的育种（300-500个殖民地）和182名蔬菜农民。使用人体组成分析仪分析它们的营养成分，使用膳食频率查询方法收集膳食结构信息，并研究了认知功能。此外，收集了两组的血液样本。结果：收集了362名有效问卷（养蜂人/蔬菜农民：185/177），有效的响应率为97.1％（362/373）。养蜂人和蔬菜农民都超重，养蜂人的抓地力比蔬菜农民的抓住力量强烈更强大。养蜂人的饮食结构非常独特：29.7％（55/185）养蜂人表示，定期食用皇家果冻超过10年。他们的主要食物是粮食，谷物和新鲜蔬菜;养蜂人68.1％（126/185）从未喝过牛奶和其他乳制品，它们的整体营养摄入量不平衡。该组中纤维素的平均摄入量也显着高于同性和年龄组的流行病学调查中的显着高。养蜂人组中的维生素A和硒的摄入显着高于蔬菜 - 农民组（所有P＆ .001）。养蜂虫群（P = .03）和血铜（P =。养蜂人组中的叶酸和维生素B12显着低于蔬菜农民组（P <.03的钾和其他人的P＆ 001）。养蜂人集团的总迷你精神状态考试（MMSE）得分为28.1，明显高于蔬菜农民组（23.3）.Conclusions：这一领域的养蜂人有他们的特殊饮食结构，身体营养水平和疾病特征。定期消耗皇家果冻的养蜂人的认知水平明显高于同龄人。这种特殊职业集团的慢性病与其生活方式和营养状况密切相关，因此需要更多的关注和深入研究来提高这一人口的生活质量.?Boshi Wang，Zangkai Jason Cheng，Qian Xu，Tiangang朱，林苏，明山薛，林培，李竺，彭柳。最初在JMIR公共卫生和监视（HTTPS://Publichealth.jmir.org），03.05.2021。

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