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Defeminization, Structural Transformation and Technological Upgrading in Manufacturing

机译：在制造业中的成像，结构转型和技术升级

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摘要

This article examines gendered employment implications of structural transformation and technological upgrading in manufacturing. It focuses on 14 countries that relied heavily on exports of labour-intensive and assembly industries that have long provided strategic entry points onto global markets. The study uses accounting decomposition methods to identify the drivers of changes in female shares of manufacturing employment as well as econometric analysis to assess the gendered impacts of technological upgrading. This study is the first to apply either of these methods at a detailed industry level as well as the first to estimate long-run relationships between women's representation in manufacturing employment and technological upgrading. The main findings are that within-industry effects on female shares of employment are generally more important than employment reallocation effects and that there is more often a negative than positive relationship between technological upgrading and female shares of employment at the country and industry levels. These negative effects of technological upgrading are found in four of the five strategic export-oriented industries - food, beverages and tobacco products; textiles; apparel, leather products and footwear; and motor vehicles. The article discusses the policy implications of these findings and of the defeminization of manufacturing employment more generally.
机译：本文探讨了结构转型和制造业技术升级的性别雇佣影响。它侧重于14个国家，依赖于长期为全球市场提供战略入境行业的劳动密集型和装配行业的出口。该研究使用会计分解方法来确定制造业的女性股份变化的驱动因素，以及评估技术升级的性别影响的经济学分析。本研究是第一个在详细的行业水平中应用这些方法的任何一种，以及第一个估计妇女在制造业就业和技术升级方面的妇女代表之间的长期关系。主要研究结果是，在行业内对女性股份的影响通常比就业重新分配效应更重要，而且在国家和行业水平的技术升级和女性股份之间的积极关系通常比积极关系更为重要。技术升级的这些负面影响是在五个战略出口行业中的四个 - 食品，饮料和烟草制品中的四种效果;纺织品;服装，皮革制品和鞋类;和机动车辆。本文讨论了这些调查结果的政策影响以及更普遍的制造业致命的影响。

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  • 来源
    《Development and change》 |2021年第3期|533-573|共41页
  • 作者

    Tejani Sheba; Kucera David;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Birmingham Int Dev Dept Birmingham W Midlands England;

    Int Labor Org Geneva Switzerland;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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