But while people may feel more powerful in a Superman-like stance, some scientists think any behavioral differences are, at best, grossly exaggerated. Carney, now a business professor at the University of California, Berkeley, writes, "I do not believe that 'power pose' effects are real." In addition to other investigators' failed replications on nearly every power-pose effect, Carney admits to manipulating the original 2010 data to inflate the link. Such so-called p-hacking was generally accepted at the time, particularly in studies (like the one in 2010) without many participants. Now, scientists view it as cherry-picking data to support hypotheses.
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