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What Flavor Will the Gene Popsicle Be?

机译：基因冰棒会是什么味道？

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In the desolate landscape of Antarctica's Dry Valleys, it is nearly impossible to imagine life could exist, much less thrive. Yet buried beneath the frozen boulder fields, tucked between grains of sand and buried ice, there is a surprising amount of biodiversity. In search of microscopic life, molecular ecologist Kay Bidle of Rutgers University looked for microbial DNA in the soil and ice core samples Marchant gathered for him during one of his expeditions. Though degraded, multitudes of ancient microbial DNA fragments, some 8 million years old, were suspended inside the ice samples. Bidle found the Dry Valley soil microbes were not much different from those found elsewhere in the world. For a genome to survive in a cell, it needs a chain of at least 160,000 base pairs of DNA fragments intact - the largest soil microbes have about 12.2 million. Bidle didn't see lengths like that; the largest segments he found in the ice core specimens were just tens of thousands of base pairs long. Older core samples contained even smaller, more degraded chains. And yet, when Bidle cultured his samples, they grew into living organisms - even the oldest ones. Hiding among the masses of ancient, degraded DNA, there must have been a few intact specimens that persevered all those millions of years. They had survived, Bidle hypothesizes, in a dormant state, a sort of hibernation.
机译：在南极干旱谷的荒凉景观中，几乎不可能想像生活会存在，更不用说繁荣了。然而埋藏在冰冻的巨石场下，夹在沙粒和冰层之间，却有惊人数量的生物多样性。为了寻找微观生命，罗格斯大学的分子生态学家凯·比德（Kay Bidle）在马奇特（Marchant）一次探险中为他收集的土壤和冰芯样本中寻找微生物DNA。尽管已降解，但大量的古老微生物DNA片段（约800万年前）悬浮在冰样中。毕德尔发现干旱谷的土壤微生物与世界其他地方的微生物没有太大的不同。为了使基因组在细胞中存活，它需要完整的至少16万个碱基对的DNA片段链-最大的土壤微生物大约有1220万。 Bidle没看到那样的长度。他在冰芯标本中发现的最大片段只有数万个碱基对长。较旧的岩心样品包含更小的，更降解的链。然而，当毕德尔（Bidle）培养他的样品时，它们长成了活的生物-甚至是最古老的生物。隐藏在古老的，降解的DNA之中，肯定有一些完整的标本在数百万年的生命中存在。 Bidle假设他们已经处于休眠状态，因此处于休眠状态。

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    《Discover》 |2013年第6期|53-53|共1页
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