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The Face Or Emotion

机译：面对还是情感

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While the muscles for making basic facial expressions are standard issue, some people have extra equipment, according to a study led by psychologist Bridget Waller of the Centre for the Study of Emotion at the University of Portsmouth in England. Waller wanted to understand the biological basis of how people convey emotions, which are crucial for social interaction. Does facial musculature vary from person to person? The question is not easy to answer because facial muscles are flat and can mingle with other muscles. And while most muscles in the body attach to bone, facial muscles often attach only to skin. In a dissection of 18 male and female Caucasian cadavers from Pittsburgh, Waller and her colleagues found that the human face has more variation in muscle than any other body component except possibly the forearm. While the five facial muscles necessary for making the six basic human expressions -happiness, sadness, fear, anger, surprise, and disgust-were present in every specimen, at least 10 other muscles were occasional no-shows.
机译：根据英国朴茨茅斯大学情绪研究中心的心理学家布里奇特·沃勒（Bridget Waller）领导的一项研究，尽管使基本面部表情的肌肉成为标准问题，但有些人还需要额外的设备。沃勒想了解人们如何传达情感的生物学基础，而情感对于社交互动至关重要。面部肌肉组织因人而异吗？这个问题不容易回答，因为面部肌肉是平坦的，并且可能与其他肌肉混合在一起。而且，尽管人体大多数肌肉附着在骨骼上，但面部肌肉通常只附着在皮肤上。在对来自匹兹堡的18名男性和女性尸体进行解剖时，Waller及其同事发现，除了前臂以外，人脸的肌肉变异比其他任何身体部位都多。在每个标本中都存在使人产生六个基本表情-幸福，悲伤，恐惧，愤怒，惊奇和厌恶所必需的五个面部肌肉，但至少有十个其他肌肉偶尔不出现。

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