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The Walrus Economy

机译：海象经济

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摘要

If you were a wealthy and pious noble person living in Europe 1,000 years ago, there would have been no better way to show off your fortune and your devotion to the Catholic Church than to commission the carving of some piece of holy paraphernalia out of walrus tusk ivory. The head of a bishops staff, a reliquary, and small sculptures depicting religious figures are among the hundreds of walrus ivory artifacts that have been found at medieval sites across Europe. Their discovery provides evidence of a trade network that once extended from the northern edges of North America to the Mediterranean. The trade was so lucrative that it became the economic mainstay of the Norse colonies in Greenland, which were first established in A.D. 985 and abandoned around 1450. Scholars have theorized that the Norse moved to Greenland specifically to hunt Atlantic walruses, and, until recently, had assumed that the settlers left centuries later because the climate was growing colder.
机译：如果你是1000年前居住在欧洲的富裕和虔诚的高贵人，那么就没有更好的方法来炫耀你的财富和你对天主教徒的奉献，而不是委员会雕刻一些神圣的残骸从海象托斯剔除象牙。主教员工的负责人，描绘了宗教人物的古怪和小雕塑是在欧洲中世纪遗址发现的数百个Walrus象牙文物之一。他们的发现提供了曾经从北美的北部边缘到地中海延伸的贸易网络​​的证据。该贸易是如此利润，它成为格陵兰岛北部殖民地的经济主干，该国在公元985年首次成立，遗弃了大约1450年。学者已经理解了挪威，特别是狩猎大西洋海湾的格陵兰岛，直到最近，已经假设定居者留了几个世纪以后，因为气候越来越耐寒。

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  • 来源
    《Discover》 |2021年第2期|5860-61|共3页
  • 作者

    ZACH ZORICH;

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