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Nonlinear soil effects on observed and simulated response spectra

机译：非线性土壤效应观察和模拟响应光谱

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Soil effects are collectively referred to the influences that local geology and morphology of soil deposits have on ground motions coming from bedrock. The quantification of soil effects in building codes has a great impact in the design of structures because soil factors amplify the reference seismic input, which is typically defined for rock-type soil class from probabilistic seismic hazards analysis. This topic, within earthquake engineering, represents one of the typical interfaces between structural engineering, geotechnical engineering and engineering seismology. In fact, this issue is generally addressed with different approaches depending on the background of the researchers. This article investigates soil effects combining the viewpoints of structural and geotechnical engineers and seismologists. It is shown that the averaging technique adopted for the definition of ground motion predictive models for spectral ordinates does not play a significant role in defining the results of rock-like soil classes. However, for other soil classes characterized by soil effects, different methods of averaging the spectral ordinates produce significant differences. The main result of this study is the proposal of a new analytical formulation for the quantification of soil amplification factors for both acceleration and displacement response spectra. The proposed formulation is based on a database of real ground motions and simulated accelerograms. The latter have been obtained through stochastic ground response analyses, with the propagation of natural ground motions on rock-like soil class through randomly generated soil deposits representative of different soil classes of Eurocode 8 and the Italian Building Code. The comparison between real and simulated data revealed the crucial role of soil nonlinearity in the definition of soil effects, which is also in relation with the variation of magnitude, fault distance and the intensity measures expected on outcropping rock.
机译：土壤效应统称为土壤沉积物的局部地质和形态对来自基岩的地面运动的影响。建筑规范中土壤效应的量化对结构的设计产生了很大的影响，因为土壤因素扩增了参考地震投入，这通常为概率地震危害分析的岩石型土级定义。在地震工程中，这一主题代表了结构工程，岩土工程和工程地震学之间的典型接口之一。事实上，根据研究人员的背景，通常用不同的方法解决这个问题。本文调查了结构和岩土工程师和地震师的观点结合了土壤效应。结果表明，用于光谱坐标的地面运动预测模型的定义的平均技术在定义岩石状土壤类别的结果方面不会发挥重要作用。然而，对于以土壤效应为特征的其他土壤类，平均坐标的不同方法产生显着差异。本研究的主要原因是提出用于量化加速度和排量响应光谱的土壤放大因子的新分析制剂的提议。该建议的制定基于真实地面运动的数据库和模拟的加速局。通过随机地基响应分析获得后者，通过随机产生的土壤沉积物，通过随机产生的土壤沉积物的不同土壤沉积物的繁殖，通过随机产生的土壤沉积物繁殖。实际和模拟数据之间的比较揭示了土壤非线性在土壤效应定义中的关键作用，这也与幅度上预期的幅度，故障距离和预期的强度措施相对的关系。

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