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首页> 外文期刊>Ecological Complexity >Neighbourhood rules make or break spatial scale invariance in a classic model of contagious disturbance
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Neighbourhood rules make or break spatial scale invariance in a classic model of contagious disturbance

机译：邻域规则在传染性干扰的经典模型中造成或破坏空间尺度不变性

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摘要

Scale invariant patterns have been observed in a range of terrestrial and marine ecosystems. These patterns are commonly interpreted as a signature of a self-organising system where global structures emerge from local dynamic interactions between system elements. In effect, an analogy is drawn to the scale invariant output of self-organised model systems, such as the Drossel and Schwabl forest fire model (FFM), and scale invariance in actual systems is then taken to be the product of self-organisation rather than some other process-specific, generative cause. Misinterpretation of the generative mechanism of scale invariance may well have significant consequences for ecosystem management. In actual ecosystems spatial interactions typically vary in form, distance and direction over time, often dependent on exogenous factors such as weather. While simulation models may sometimes represent spatial processes using a variable interaction within a local neighbourhood, what influence this has on model phenomena that are normally attributable to self-organisation has been little studied. We relax a key assumption implicit in the FFM by allowing different sized neighbourhoods over which contagion can occur, rather than maintain a constant sized neighbourhood. We examine how the scaling behaviour of simulated fire sizes changes with a variable neighbourhood size, and show that the invariant scaling typical of the FFM 'breaks' with the relaxation of the neighbourhood assumption. Our findings are a strong indication that the generative origins of scale invariance in the FFM (i.e., self-organisation) and in actual fire-prone forest landscapes are essentially different, in contrast to conclusions of previous studies.
机译：在一系列陆地和海洋生态系统中已观察到尺度不变模式。这些模式通常被解释为自组织系统的标志，其中全局结构是由系统元素之间的局部动态交互产生的。实际上，对自组织模型系统（例如Drossel和Schwabl森林火灾模型（FFM））的尺度不变输出进行类推，然后将实际系统中的尺度不变视为自身组织的产物，而不是而不是其他一些特定于过程的生成原因。对尺度不变性产生机理的误解可能会对生态系统管理产生重大影响。在实际的生态系统中，空间相互作用通常在形式，距离和方向上随时间变化，通常取决于外在因素，例如天气。虽然仿真模型有时可以使用局部邻域内的变量交互来表示空间过程，但很少研究这种现象对通常归因于自组织的模型现象的影响。通过允许在不同规模的邻里发生传染，而不是保持规模不变的邻里，我们放松了FFM中隐含的关键假设。我们研究了模拟火力大小的缩放行为如何随邻域大小的变化而变化，并表明FFM典型的不变缩放随着邻域假设的松弛而“中断”。我们的发现有力地表明，与先前研究的结论相比，实况调查团（即自组织）和实际易发火灾森林景观中尺度不变的产生根源本质上是不同的。

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  • 来源
    《Ecological Complexity》 |2011年第4期|p.347-356|共10页
  • 作者

    Matthias M. Boer; Paul Johnston; Rohan J. Sadler;

  • 作者单位

    Bushfire Cooperative Research Centre, East Melbourne, 3002 VIC, Australia,Ecosystems Research Croup, School of Plant Biology M090, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, 6009 WA, Australia,Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, The University of Western Sydney, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith South DC, NSW 1797, Australia;

    Bushfire Cooperative Research Centre, East Melbourne, 3002 VIC, Australia,School of Computer Science and Software Engineering, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, 6009 WA, Australia;

    Ecosystems Research Croup, School of Plant Biology M090, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, 6009 WA, Australia;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    spatial interactions; pattern formation; patch size distribution; self-organization; forest fires; cellular automata;

    机译：空间相互作用;模式形成;补丁大小分布;自组织森林火灾;细胞自动机;

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