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首页> 外文期刊>Ecological indicators >Variation of functional diversity of soil microbial community in sub-humid tropical rice-rice cropping system under long-term organic and inorganic fertilization
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Variation of functional diversity of soil microbial community in sub-humid tropical rice-rice cropping system under long-term organic and inorganic fertilization

机译：长期有机无机肥配施条件下半湿热带稻－稻种植系统土壤微生物群落功能多样性的变化

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摘要

Soil microbial communities play an essential role in maintaining soil fertility and considered as ecological indicators to evaluate soil health. In the present study, long-term effects of organic and inorganic fertilizers on functional diversity of soil microbial communities, and their correlation with soil organic carbon, microbial biomass and activities, were observed under sub-humid tropical rice-rice cropping system. This experiment comprises six treatments viz, control (plots without application of chemical fertilizers and farmyard manure), nitrogen (N at the rate of 60 & 80 kg ha(-1) in wet and dry seasons, respectively), nitrogen + phosphorus + potassium (NPK), farm yard manure (FYM), FYM + N and FYM + NPK. The results indicated that pH of the soil under the treatments decreased from its initial value, whereas total organic carbon increased in FYM-treated plots. Microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in FYM + NPK were increased by 50.0 and 46.4%, respectively as compared to control treatment. Carbon and nitrogen mineralization; and soil enzyme activities were significantly (p <= 0.05) higher in FYM + NPK over control. The average well color development (AWCD) values derived from Biolog (R) eco-plates followed the order of FYM + N > FYM > FYM + NPK > NPK > N > Control. Shannon index was greater (p <= 0.05) in FYM-treated soil as compared to control and chemical treated soil. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicates a clear separation of the cluster of treatments with FYM application (FYM and FYM + NPK) and treatments without FYM (N and NPK). Shannon index was significantly correlated with available phosphorus (p <= 0.002) and carbon mineralization (p <= 0.015). Biplot analysis suggested that polymer and amino acid utilizing microbes were dominant, irrespective of all treatments. These results revealed that continuous application of nitrogen fertilizer alone has responded a shift in soil microbial community in the long run and decreased the functional diversity of microbes. However, application of FYM either alone, or in combination with chemical fertilizers, could restore soil fertility. Moreover, the information generated from this experiment though Biolog (R) may be the first particularly with reference to the dominance of polymer and amino acid utilizing microbes, irrespective of treatments under long-term fertilized paddy soil. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：土壤微生物群落在维持土壤肥力中起着至关重要的作用，被认为是评估土壤健康状况的生态指标。在本研究中，在半湿润的热带稻米种植体系下，观察到有机和无机肥料对土壤微生物群落功能多样性的长期影响及其与土壤有机碳，微生物生物量和活性的相关性。该实验包括六种处理方法，即对照（不施用化学肥料和农家肥的情况下进行处理），氮（氮在湿季和旱季分别以60和80 kg ha（-1）的速率），氮+磷+钾（NPK），农田肥料（FYM），FYM + N和FYM + NPK。结果表明，在处理后的土壤中，pH值从其初始值开始降低，而总有机碳则增加。与对照相比，FYM + NPK中的微生物生物量碳和氮分别增加了50.0％和46.4％。碳和氮矿化；与对照相比，FYM + NPK的土壤酶活性显着提高（p <= 0.05）。从Biolog生态板获得的平均孔显色（AWCD）值遵循以下顺序：FYM + N> FYM> FYM + NPK> NPK> N>对照。与对照和化学处理土壤相比，FYM处理土壤的香农指数更高（p <= 0.05）。主成分分析（PCA）表明，应用FYM的治疗方案（FYM和FYM + NPK）与不使用FYM的治疗方案（N和NPK）之间的区别明显。香农指数与有效磷（p <= 0.002）和碳矿化（p <= 0.015）显着相关。 Biplot分析表明，无论采用何种处理方法，利用聚合物和氨基酸的微生物均占优势。这些结果表明，长期单独施用氮肥已对土壤微生物群落的变化做出了长期反应，并降低了微生物的功能多样性。但是，单独使用FYM或与化学肥料结合使用，均可恢复土壤肥力。而且，从本实验通过Biolog（R）产生的信息可能是关于微生物利用聚合物和氨基酸的优势的第一个信息，而与在长期施肥的水稻土下的处理无关。 （C）2016 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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