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首页> 外文期刊>Ecological indicators >Relationships among carbon emissions, economic growth, energy consumption and population growth: Testing Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis for Brazil, China, India and Indonesia
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Relationships among carbon emissions, economic growth, energy consumption and population growth: Testing Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis for Brazil, China, India and Indonesia

机译：碳排放量，经济增长，能源消耗和人口增长之间的关系：测试巴西，中国，印度和印度尼西亚的环境库兹涅茨曲线假说

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This study examines the impacts of income, energy consumption and population growth on CO2 emissions by employing an annual time series data for the period 1970-2012 for India, Indonesia, China, and Brazil. The study used the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds test approach considering both the linear and non-linear assumptions for related time series data for the top CO2 emitter emerging countries in both the short run and long run. The results show that CO2 emissions have increased statistically significantly with increases in income and energy consumption in all four countries. While the relationship between CO2 emissions and population growth was found to be statistically significant for India and Brazil, it has been statistically insignificant for China and Indonesia in both the short run and long run. Also, empirical observations from the testing of environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis imply that in the cases of Brazil, China and Indonesia, CO2 emissions will decrease over the time when income increases. So based on the EKC findings, it can be argued that these three countries should not take any actions or policies, which might have conservative impacts on income, in order to reduce their CO2 emissions. But in the case of India, where CO2 emissions and income were found to have a positive relationship, an increase in income over the time will not reduce CO2 emissions in the country. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：本研究通过采用印度，印度尼西亚，中国和巴西1970-2012年的年度时间序列数据，考察了收入，能源消耗和人口增长对CO2排放的影响。该研究使用了自回归分布式滞后（ARDL）边界测试方法，考虑了短期和长期内二氧化碳排放量最高的新兴国家相关时间序列数据的线性和非线性假设。结果表明，在所有四个国家中，随着收入和能源消耗的增加，CO2排放量在统计上显着增加。尽管发现二氧化碳排放量与人口增长之间的关系在印度和巴西具有统计学意义，但无论从短期还是长期来看，对中国和印度尼西亚而言在统计意义上都是微不足道的。此外，从环境库兹涅茨曲线（EKC）假设的检验得出的经验性观察结果表明，在巴西，中国和印度尼西亚，收入增加时，CO2排放量将减少。因此，基于EKC的发现，可以认为这三个国家不应采取任何可能对收入产生保守影响的行动或政策，以减少其CO2排放量。但是，在印度，发现二氧化碳排放量与收入之间存在正相关关系，随着时间的推移，收入增加并不会减少该国的二氧化碳排放量。 （C）2016 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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