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Riverine wood-pasture responds to grazing decline

机译：滨河草场应对放牧量下降

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There is insufficient available information on structural changes within wood-pastures including their relationship to abiotic influences such as livestock grazing, flooding and available soil nutrients. In this paper, we address the links between important environmental variables and different stages of the wood-pasture cycle, with the aim of understanding fluctuations in this relationship and processes that follow changes in wood-pasture condition. We used satellite and aerial image interpretation to identify structural vegetation shifts over 44 years under significantly declining livestock numbers. We used ground truthing of 24 plots to assess the current field scenario and employed canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) to evaluate the relationship between plant communities and environmental influences. Three dominant structural vegetation types grassland, transitional vegetation with thorny shrubs and woody encroachment were surveyed and the following set of variables was chosen: grazing intensity, inundation frequency, elevation, soil total nitrogen, soil available phosphorus, soil potassium, soil magnesium, soil calcium, soil pH and soil carbon to nitrogen ratio. Interpretation of satellite images revealed dominance of wood-pasture in the past, which alternated structurally between more open and more closed physiognomies. CCA with ground truthing data and forward selection revealed grazing intensity as the predominant ecological driver modifying vegetation structure, as well as transitioning vegetation patterns between open herbaceous and closed woody cover. Each structural vegetation type demonstrated a collective distribution pattern and a close relationship to certain abiotic drivers, indicating strong interactions between soil parameters, grazing pressure and vegetation composition.
机译：没有充分的信息来了解木草的结构变化，包括它们与非生物影响（如牲畜放牧，洪水和可用土壤养分）的关系。在本文中，我们着眼于重要环境变量与木草循环不同阶段之间的联系，旨在了解这种关系的波动以及随木草条件变化而变化的过程。我们使用卫星和航空影像解释技术来识别在牲畜数量显着下降的情况下44年内的结构性植被变化。我们使用24个地块的地面实况评估来评估当前田间情况，并使用规范对应分析（CCA）来评估植物群落与环境影响之间的关系。调查了三种主要的结构性植被类型的草地，带刺灌木的过渡性植被和木本性侵蚀，并选择了以下变量集：放牧强度，淹没频率，海拔，土壤总氮，土壤有效磷，土壤钾，土壤镁，土壤钙，土壤pH值和土壤碳氮比。卫星图像的解释揭示了过去木质牧草的主导地位，这种结构在更开放和更封闭的生理结构之间交替。具有地面实测数据和前瞻性选择的CCA表明，放牧强度是改变植被结构的主要生态驱动力，也是开放草本和封闭木本覆盖物之间过渡的植被格局。每种结构性植被类型都表现出集体分布的格局，并且与某些非生物驱动因素密切相关，表明土壤参数，放牧压力和植被组成之间存在强烈的相互作用。

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