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首页> 外文期刊>Ecological research >Tree diversity has contrasting effects on predation rates by birds and arthropods on three broadleaved, subtropical tree species
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Tree diversity has contrasting effects on predation rates by birds and arthropods on three broadleaved, subtropical tree species

机译：树木多样性对鸟类和节肢动物对三种亚热带阔叶树种的捕食率具有相反的影响

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摘要

Plant diversity is hypothesized to strengthen biological control by promoting top-down pressure of predators on herbivores. However, studies on the effects of plant diversity on actual predation rates are still scarce, particularly in forest ecosystems. We analyzed the effect of tree species richness, and the potential influence of neighbor tree density, on predation rates of arthropods and birds on artificial clay caterpillars in a large-scale forest biodiversity experiment in south-east China. Our study was focused on three broadleaved tree species that are frequently damaged by lepidopteran caterpillars. Predation rates were influenced by tree species richness on only one of the three tree species, on which arthropod predation increased and bird predation decreased with increasing tree species richness. Importantly, these relationships were mediated by neighbor tree density, being most pronounced when focal trees had fewer surrounding neighbor trees. Our findings indicate that low tree density reduced arthropod predator abundances and predation rates, but that negative effects of this reduction were compensated for in more diverse tree mixtures by a functionally more diverse predator community. In contrast, lower tree densities might have benefited insectivorous birds by making trees more accessible particularly in monocultures, which are often structurally more uniform and denser than tree mixtures. Overall, our results point to an important role of species-specific and density-dependent mechanisms in modifying the consequences of biodiversity loss on top-down effects in forest ecosystems. Future work should aim at separating the effects of different predator guilds and those of host diversity from host density.
机译：据推测，植物多样性通过促进食肉动物自上而下的压力来加强生物控制。但是，仍然缺乏关于植物多样性对实际捕食率影响的研究，特别是在森林生态系统中。在中国东南部的一次大型森林生物多样性实验中，我们分析了树种丰富度的影响以及邻近树密度对节肢动物和鸟类捕食人造黏土毛虫的影响。我们的研究集中在三种经常被鳞翅目毛虫破坏的阔叶树种上。捕食率受树种丰富度影响的三种树种中只有一种，节肢动物的捕食性随树种丰富度的增加而增加，鸟类的捕食减少。重要的是，这些关系由邻居树的密度来调节，当焦点树周围的邻居树较少时，这种关系最为明显。我们的发现表明，低树密度降低了节肢动物的捕食者的丰度和捕食率，但这种减少的负面影响在功能上更多样化的捕食者群落中被更多样化的树木混合物所补偿。相比之下，较低的树木密度可能通过使树木更易接近（特别是在单一栽培中比树木混合物在结构上更均匀和密集）来使食虫鸟受益。总体而言，我们的结果表明，特定物种和依赖密度的机制在改变生物多样性丧失对森林生态系统自上而下影响的后果方面具有重要作用。未来的工作应旨在区分不同捕食者行会和寄主多样性对寄主密度的影响。

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  • 来源
    《Ecological research》 |2018年第1期|205-212|共8页
  • 作者

    Yang Bo; Li Bin; He Yuxuan; Zhang Lipeng; Bruelheide Helge; Schuldt Andreas;

  • 作者单位

    Jingdezhen Univ, Key Lab Plant Resources & Biodivers Jiangxi Prov, 838 Cidu Ave, Jingdezhen 333000, Jiangxi, Peoples R China;

    Jingdezhen Univ, Key Lab Plant Resources & Biodivers Jiangxi Prov, 838 Cidu Ave, Jingdezhen 333000, Jiangxi, Peoples R China;

    Jingdezhen Univ, Key Lab Plant Resources & Biodivers Jiangxi Prov, 838 Cidu Ave, Jingdezhen 333000, Jiangxi, Peoples R China;

    Jingdezhen Univ, Key Lab Plant Resources & Biodivers Jiangxi Prov, 838 Cidu Ave, Jingdezhen 333000, Jiangxi, Peoples R China;

    Martin Luther Univ Halle Wittenberg, Inst Biol, Geobot & Bot Garden, Kirchtor 1, D-06108 Halle, Germany;

    Martin Luther Univ Halle Wittenberg, Inst Biol, Geobot & Bot Garden, Kirchtor 1, D-06108 Halle, Germany;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    BEF-China; biodiversity and ecosystem function; density-dependence; predator; trophic interaction;

    机译：中国BEF;生物多样性与生态系统功能;密度依赖性;捕食者;营养相互作用;

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