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The influence of invasive mongoose on the genetic structure of the endangered Amami rabbit populations

机译:侵入性猫鼬对濒临灭绝的ami美兔种群遗传结构的影响

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摘要

Invasive carnivores often cause heavy damage to native species on small islands. Endangered Amami rabbit (Pentalagus furnessi) populations have been fragmented into a north-isolated population (NI) and a south-large population (SL) caused by predation pressure from the invasive small Indian mongoose (Herpestes auropunctatus) on Amami Oshima Island in southern Japan. We investigated the genetic structure of these rabbit populations to determine the effects of fragmentation. We collected rabbit feces from most of the Amami Oshima Island habitat and sequenced the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region along with its 5'-flanking region (312 bp) and genotyped eight microsatellite DNA loci. Genetic diversity was lower in the NI than that in the SL population, and F (ST) values between the two populations were significantly higher than zero in both the mtDNA and microsatellite DNA. Bayesian clustering analyses suggested four ancestral clusters of Amami rabbit, but clear genetic structure was not observed. A partial Mantel test supported isolation-by-distance but not habitat fragmentation. These results suggest that the low genetic diversity in the NI population was caused by the small population size after fragmentation; however, the difference in genetic structure between the two populations was caused by isolation-by-distance and the structure has been maintained.
机译:食肉动物经常对小岛上的本地物种造成严重破坏。濒临灭绝的Am美兔(Pentalagus furnessi)种群被日本南部Japan美大岛岛上的入侵小印度猫鼬(Herpestes auropunctatus)的捕食压力所分割,分为北部隔离种群(NI)和南部较大种群(SL)。 。我们调查了这些兔子种群的遗传结构,以确定片段化的影响。我们从the美大岛岛大部分栖息地收集了兔粪,并对线粒体DNA(mtDNA)控制区域及其5'侧翼区域(312 bp)进行了测序,并对8个微卫星DNA基因座进行了基因分型。 NI的遗传多样性低于SL种群,并且mtDNA和微卫星DNA的两个种群之间的F(ST)值均显着高于零。贝叶斯聚类分析表明Am美兔有四个祖先集群,但是没有观察到清晰的遗传结构。部分Mantel测试支持按距离隔离,但不支持栖息地破碎。这些结果表明,NI人群遗传多样性低是由片段化后种群规模较小引起的。然而,两个种群之间遗传结构的差异是由远距离隔离引起的,并且该结构得以保持。

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