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首页> 外文期刊>Ecological research >The impact of selective logging and clearcutting on forest structure, tree diversity and above-ground biomass of African tropical forests
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The impact of selective logging and clearcutting on forest structure, tree diversity and above-ground biomass of African tropical forests

机译：选择性采伐和砍伐对非洲热带森林的森林结构，树木多样性和地上生物量的影响

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摘要

Tropical deforestation is well known to have serious negative consequences for biodiversity, terrestrial carbon sinks and the balance of atmospheric greenhouse gases. By contrast, selective logging of tropical forests is often regarded as having a lesser impact on the ecosystem particularly in long terms, even though there have been few critical evaluations of the practice, particularly in Africa. We compared field data from 511 plots in the tropical forest of Sierra Leone, Ghana, Cameroon and Gabon. These plots were subject to different forest management practices: no recent logging (primary forests), selective logging (up to 30 years old) and re-grown secondary forests post clear-cutting (at least 20 years ago). Our findings suggest that the vertical structure and plant richness of the selectively logged and secondary forests change in different amplitude from those of primary forests, but stem density and the prevalence of vine and weed species differ greatly. We show that the effects of selective logging are greater than those expected simply from the removal of commercial species, and can persist for decades. Selective logging, unless it is practiced at very low harvest intensities, can significantly reduce the biomass of a tropical forest for many decades, seriously diminishing aboveground carbon storage capacity, and create opportunities for weeds and vines to spread and slow down the ecological succession.
机译：众所周知，热带森林砍伐会对生物多样性，陆地碳汇和大气温室气体的平衡产生严重的负面影响。相比之下，尽管很少有人对热带森林进行有选择的评估，尤其是在非洲，但选择性地砍伐热带森林通常被认为对生态系统的影响较小，特别是从长期来看。我们比较了塞拉利昂，加纳，喀麦隆和加蓬的热带森林中511个样地的现场数据。这些地块受到不同的森林管理规范的约束：最近没有伐木（原始森林），选择性伐木（长达30年）和在砍伐后重新种植次生森林（至少20年前）。我们的发现表明，选择性砍伐和次生林的垂直结构和植物丰富度与原始林的幅度变化不同，但茎密度以及藤本和杂草种类的流行率差异很大。我们表明，选择性伐木的效果比单纯从商业物种清除中获得的效果要大，并且可以持续数十年。选择性采伐，除非在非常低的采伐强度下进行，否则数十年来会大大减少热带森林的生物量，严重降低地上碳的储存能力，并为杂草和藤蔓传播和减缓生态演替创造机会。

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  • 来源
    《Ecological research》 |2015年第1期|119-132|共14页
  • 作者

    Roberto Cazzolla Gatti; Simona Castaldi; Jeremy A. Lindsell; David A. Coomes; Marco Marchetti; Mauro Maesano; Arianna Di Paola; Francesco Paparella; Riccardo Valentini;

  • 作者单位

    Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-Food and Forestry Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy,Euro-Mediterranean Centre for Climate Change (CMCC), Lecce, Italy;

    Department of Environmental Sciences, Seconda Universita di Napoli, Caserta, Italy;

    The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB), The Lodge, Sandy, Bedfordshire, UK;

    Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK;

    Department of Bioscience and Territory (DIBT), University of Molise, Pesche (IS), Italy;

    Department of Bioscience and Territory (DIBT), University of Molise, Pesche (IS), Italy;

    Euro-Mediterranean Centre for Climate Change (CMCC), Lecce, Italy;

    Department of Mathematics and Physics 'Ennio De Giorgi', University of Salento, Lecce, Italy;

    Department of Environmental Sciences, Seconda Universita di Napoli, Caserta, Italy,Euro-Mediterranean Centre for Climate Change (CMCC), Lecce, Italy;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Africa; Biodiversity; Biomass; Forest degradation; Selective logging; Tropical forests;

    机译：非洲;生物多样性;生物质森林退化;选择性记录热带森林;

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