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首页> 外文期刊>Ecological research >The need for a canopy perspective to understand the importance of phenotypic plasticity for promoting species coexistence and light-use complementarity in forest ecosystems
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The need for a canopy perspective to understand the importance of phenotypic plasticity for promoting species coexistence and light-use complementarity in forest ecosystems

机译：需要树冠透视来理解表型可塑性对于促进森林生态系统中物种共存和光利用互补的重要性

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摘要

Because of their overwhelming size over other organisms, trees define the structural and energetic properties of forest ecosystems. From grasslands to forests, leaf area index, which determines the amount of light energy intercepted for photosynthesis, increases with increasing canopy height across the various terrestrial ecosystems of the world. In vertically well-developed forests, niche differentiation along the vertical gradient of light availability may promote species coexistence. In addition, spatial and temporal differentiation of photosynthetic traits among the coexisting tree species (functional diversity) may promote complementary use of light energy, resulting in higher biomass and productivity in multi-species forests. Trees have evolved retaining high phenotypic plasticity because the spatial/ temporal distribution of resources in forest ecosystems is highly heterogeneous and trees modify their own environment as they increase nearly 1,000 times in size through ontogeny. High phenotypic plasticity may enable coexistence of tree species through divergence in resource-rich environments, as well as through convergence in resource-limited environments. We propose that the breadth of individual-level phenotypic plasticity, expressed at the metamer level (leaves and shoots), is an important factor that promotes species coexistence and resource-use complementarity in forest ecosystems. A cross-biome comparison of the link between plasticity of photosynthesis-related traits and stand productivity will provide a functional explanation for the relationship between species assemblages and productivity of forest ecosystems.
机译：由于树木的大小超过其他生物，因此它们定义了森林生态系统的结构和能量特性。从草原到森林，叶面积指数决定了为进行光合作用而拦截的光能数量，并且随着世界各地各种陆地生态系统冠层高度的增加而增加。在垂直发达的森林中，沿光可利用性的垂直梯度的生态位分化可能促进物种共存。此外，并存的树种之间光合性状的时空分异（功能多样性）可能促进光能的补充利用，从而在多物种森林中产生更高的生物量和生产力。树木已经进化为保留了高表型可塑性，因为森林生态系统中资源的时空分布是高度异质的，并且树木通过个体发育增加了近1,000倍的大小，从而改变了自身的环境。高表型可塑性可以通过资源丰富的环境中的差异以及资源有限的环境中的融合来实现树木的共存。我们认为，以同聚物水平（叶和枝）表达的个体水平表型可塑性的广度是促进森林生态系统中物种共存和资源利用互补性的重要因素。对光合作用相关性状的可塑性与林分生产力之间联系的跨生物组比较，将为物种组合与森林生态系统生产力之间的关系提供功能上的解释。

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