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Preface

机译:前言

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摘要

"Isotope ecology" is based on the basic chemical theory of "isotope fractionation", which is a process that occurs during chemical and biochemical reactions. Iso-topic information of biological and chemical samples is now applied to various research topics in ecology, such as food chain length, food web structure, nutrient cycling, and ecosystem function. Traditionally, carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios have been used to study food web structures. Hydrogen, oxygen, and sulfur isotopes are now combined into the parameters. Isotope ratios within a single molecule (e.g., nitrogen and oxygen in nitrate) contain different types of information, which distinguish source and process of the molecule. Compound-specific isotope signatures in lipids and amino acids are recently measured to trace source and pathways of the molecules based on the knowledge of biochemical reactions. ~(14)C is a naturally occurring radioisotope and its concentration in nature is extremely low, but recent improvements in accelerator mass spec-trometry have enabled us to measure carbon amounts of the order of milligrams. Isotope ecology uses multi-isotope signatures to provide new insight in ecology.
机译:“同位素生态学”基于“同位素分馏”的基本化学理论,这是在化学和生化反应过程中发生的过程。生物和化学样品的同位素信息现已应用于生态学的各种研究主题,例如食物链长度,食物网结构,养分循环和生态系统功能。传统上,碳和氮同位素比已用于研究食物网结构。氢,氧和硫同位素现已合并为参数。单个分子内的同位素比率(例如硝酸盐中的氮和氧)包含不同类型的信息,这些信息区分了分子的来源和过程。最近,根据生化反应的知识,对脂质和氨基酸中的化合物特异性同位素特征进行了测量,以追踪分子的来源和途径。 〜(14)C是天然存在的放射性同位素,其在自然界中的浓度极低,但是最近加速器质谱的改进使我们能够测量毫克量级的碳量。同位素生态学使用多种同位素特征来提供生态学方面的新见识。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Ecological research》 |2013年第5期|673-674|共2页
  • 作者

    Ichiro Tayasu; Nobuhito Ohte;

  • 作者单位

    Center for Ecological. Research, Kyoto University, Otsu 520-2113, Japan;

    Laboratory of Forest Hydrology and Erosion Control Engineering, Department of Forest Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan;

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