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Non-additive effects of leaf litter and insect frass mixture on decomposition processes

机译：凋落物和昆虫的苦菜混合物对分解过程的非累加作用

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摘要

Although there is a growing body of evidence that herbivorous insects have a significant impact on decomposition and soil nutrient dynamics through frass excretion, how mixtures of leaf litter and insect frass influence such ecosystem processes remains poorly understood. We examined the effects of mixing of leaf litter and insect frass on decomposition and soil nutrient availability, using a study system consisting of a willow, Salix gilgiana Seemen, and a herbivorous insect, Parasa consocia Walker. The chemical characteristics of insect frass differed from those of leaf litter. In particular, frass had a 42-fold higher level of ammonium-nitrogen (NH_4~+-N) than litter. Incubation experiments showed that the frass was decomposed and immobilized with respect to N more rapidly than the litter. Furthermore, litter and frass mixtures showed non-additive enhancement of decomposition and reduction of NH_4~+-N, depending on the litter-frass mixing ratio. These indicate that, while insect frass generally accelerated decomposition, the effect of frass on soil nutrient availability was dependent largely on the relative amounts of litter and frass.
机译：尽管越来越多的证据表明，草食性昆虫通过粪便排泄对分解和土壤养分动态有显着影响，但人们对叶子凋落物和昆虫粪便的混合物如何影响此类生态系统过程仍然知之甚少。我们使用由柳树柳柳（Salix gilgiana Seemen）和草食性昆虫Parasa consocia Walker组成的研究系统，研究了叶子凋落物和昆虫根的混合对分解和土壤养分利用率的影响。害虫的化学特性与凋落物的化学特性不同。特别是，苦菜中的铵态氮（NH_4〜+ -N）含量比垃圾高42倍。孵化实验表明，相对于凋落物，苦味素相对于N的分解和固定速度更快。此外，枯枝落叶和草丛混合物显示出非累加性的分解和NH_4〜+ -N还原的减少，这取决于枯枝落叶的混合比例。这些表明，虽然昆虫的ass通常促进分解，但ass对土壤养分利用率的影响在很大程度上取决于凋落物和fr的相对含量。

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