...
  • 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文期刊>Ecological research >The influence of temporally variable predation risk on indirect interactions in an aquatic food chain
【24h】

The influence of temporally variable predation risk on indirect interactions in an aquatic food chain

机译：时变捕食风险对水生食物链间接相互作用的影响

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
           
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

We know little about how temporally variable predation risk influences prey behavior. The risk allocation hypothesis predicts that prey facing more frequent risk should show weak anti-predator responses, and should be particularly active foragers during rare periods of safety, compared to prey facing infrequent risk. Several studies offer support for the risk allocation hypothesis, but how these responses might propagate through the larger ecological community remains largely unknown. We experimentally investigated the relative strength of trait- and density-mediated indirect effects of a predator on its prey's resource across predation treatments that varied the lethality (caged or free-swimming predators) and temporal variability (always, often, or sometimes present) of predation. We performed this experiment in pond mesocosms using a giant water bug predator (Belostoma lutarium), an herbivorous pond snail (Physa gyrina), and algae as the basal resource. Snails greatly reduced the abundance of their algal resource when in the absence of predation. Lethal predation at low and medium intensities had significant positive indirect effects on the abundance of algae, mostly by reducing snail density. Snails responded behaviorally to high levels of deadly predation by foraging more and hiding less than in other situations, as predicted by the risk allocation hypothesis, and thus ameliorated the density-mediated indirect effects of predators on algae. Behavioral responses to caged predators, and the subsequent trait-mediated indirect effects, were negligible regardless of predation intensity. Our previous work has demonstrated that trait-mediated indirect effects are weak when resources are abundant,rnas they were in this experiment. This work demonstrates that temporal variation in predation intensity plays a key role in determining the relative strength of TMIIs and DMIIs in an aquatic food chain.
机译：我们对时变捕食风险如何影响猎物行为知之甚少。风险分配假设预测，与面临风险较少的猎物相比，面临更为频繁风险的猎物应表现出较弱的抗捕食者反应，并且在罕见的安全期内应特别活跃。几项研究为风险分配假说提供了支持，但是这些反应如何在更大的生态社区中传播尚不清楚。我们通过实验研究了掠食者通过特质和密度介导的对食肉资源的间接影响的相对强度，这种掠食性治疗改变了食肉动物的致死性（笼养或自由游动的食肉动物）和时间变异性（总是，经常或有时存在）掠食我们使用巨型水虫捕食者（Belostoma lutarium），草食性池塘蜗牛（Physa gyrina）和藻类作为基础资源在池塘中膜环境中进行了此实验。在没有捕食的情况下，蜗牛会极大地减少其藻类资源的丰富度。中低强度的致死性捕食对藻类的丰富有显着的积极的间接影响，主要是通过降低蜗牛的密度。正如风险分配假设所预测的，蜗牛在其他情况下的觅食和躲藏程度比其他情况高，对高水平的致命捕食行为做出了反应，从而减轻了密度介导的食肉动物对藻类的间接影响。不管捕食强度如何，对笼养捕食者的行为反应以及随后的性状介导的间接影响都可以忽略不计。我们以前的工作表明，当资源丰富时，特质介导的间接作用较弱。这项工作表明，捕食强度的时间变化在确定水生食物链中TMII和DMII的相对强度中起关键作用。

著录项

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号