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Spatial dynamics of Norwegian tetraonid populations

机译：挪威四面体种群的空间动态

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摘要

Different species in a given site or population of a given species in different sites may fluctuate in synchrony if they are affected similarly by factors such as spatially autocorrelated climate, predation, or by dispersal between populations of one species. We used county wise time series of hunting bag records of four Norwegian tetraonid species covering 24 years to examine patterns of interspecific and intraspecific synchrony. We estimated synchrony at three spatial scales; national, regional (consisting of counties with similar climate), and county level. Ecologically related species with overlapping distributions exhibited strong synchrony across Norway, but there was much variation between the different regions and counties. Regions with a long coastline to both the North Sea and the Norwegian Ocean exhibited an overall stronger synchrony than those consisting of more continental areas. Intraspecific synchrony was generally low across all counties, but stronger synchrony between counties within regions denned by climatic conditions. Synchrony was negatively related to distance between populations in three of four species. Only the synchrony in willow ptarmigan showed a clear negative relationship with distance, while the other species had both strong positive and negative correlations at short distances. Strong interspecific synchrony between some species pairs within regions and weak intraspecific synchrony across counties within regions suggest a stronger synchronizing effect from environmental factors such as weather or predation and less effect from dispersal. Our results suggest that the complete tetraonid community is structured by environmental factorsrnaffecting the different species similarly and causes widespread interspecific synchrony. Local factors affecting the population dynamics nevertheless frequently forces neighbouring populations out of phase.
机译：如果给定地点的不同物种或不同地点的给定物种的种群受到空间自相关气候，掠食或一种种群之间的分布等因素的相似影响，它们可能会同步波动。我们使用覆盖了24年的四个挪威四小物种的县级狩猎袋记录的时间序列来检验种间和种内同步的模式。我们在三个空间尺度上估计了同步性。国家，地区（由气候相似的县组成）和县级。分布重叠的与生态相关的物种在整个挪威表现出很强的同步性，但是不同地区和县之间的差异很大。到北海和挪威海洋的海岸线长的地区总体上比由更多大陆地区组成的地区更具有同步性。通常，所有县的种内同步性较低，但是在气候条件所限制的区域内，县之间的同步性较强。同步性与四个物种中三个物种的种群之间的距离呈负相关。仅杨柳雷鸟的共生与距离显示出明显的负相关，而其他物种在短距离时具有强的正相关和负相关。区域内某些物种对之间的强种间同步性和区域内各县间的种内同步性弱，表明环境因素（如天气或掠食性）的同步效应较强，而散布的影响较小。我们的研究结果表明，完整的四元体群落是由环境因素对不同物种的影响相似，并引起广泛的种间同步。但是，影响人口动态的当地因素经常迫使邻近的人口异相。

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  • 来源
    《Ecological research》 |2010年第2期|p.367-374|共8页
  • 作者

    Mikkel A. J. Kvasnes; rnTorstein Storaas; rnHans Chr. Pedersen; rnSvein Bj?rk; rnErlend B. Nilsen;

  • 作者单位

    Faculty of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Hedmark University College, Evenstad, 2480 Koppang, Norway;

    rnFaculty of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Hedmark University College, Evenstad, 2480 Koppang, Norway;

    rnFaculty of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Hedmark University College, Evenstad, 2480 Koppang, Norway Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, 7485 Trondheim, Norway;

    rnFaculty of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Hedmark University College, Evenstad, 2480 Koppang, Norway;

    rnFaculty of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Hedmark University College, Evenstad, 2480 Koppang, Norway Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, 7485 Trondheim, Norway;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    synchrony; growth rates; hunting statistics; willow ptarmigan; rock ptarmigan; capercaillie; black grouse;

    机译：同步性增长率;狩猎统计;杨柳雷鸟雷鸟卡佩卡利黑松鸡;

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