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Disturbance-induced bird diversity in early successional habitats in the humid temperate region of northern Japan

机译：日本北部潮湿温带地区早期演替生境中由干扰引起的鸟类多样性

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摘要

The positive role of moderate natural disturbance is less known for a mobile organism such as birds, compared to sessile organisms. In the face of recent declines of grassland birds, it is necessary to identify the mechanism to maintain avian diversity in early successional open habitats in different regions. In the humid temperate region, the predominant habitat type is woody vegetation. Therefore, bird communities were studied along vegetational succession using a chronose-quence method. TWINSPAN identified three distinctive habitat types (barren, grass-fen and shrubland) and four habitat guilds of birds (pioneer, grassland, ubiquitous and shrub) in the study sites. Path analysis determined the direct and indirect effects of disturbance on the habitat guilds of birds. Short and intermediate intervals of the water disturbance are important to pioneer guilds and grass-fen habitat, respectively. The frequent occurrence of large animals had a negative impact on grassland guild. It suggests that grassland birds less tolerate cattle grazing or human activities in a region with intensive land use. The chronosequence study revealed the dynamic nature of the bird community. Birds occupy habitats following the successional sere of vegetation, responding to animal occurrence and human activities in various manners.
机译：与固定生物相比，对于鸟类等活动性生物而言，中度自然干扰的积极作用鲜为人知。面对最近草地鸟类数量下降的情况，有必要找出在不同地区的早期演替开放栖息地中维持鸟类多样性的机制。在潮湿的温带地区，主要的生境类型是木本植被。因此，采用年代学方法研究了沿植被演替过程中的鸟类群落。 TWINSPAN在研究地点确定了三种独特的栖息地类型（贫瘠，草粉和灌木丛）和四种鸟类栖息地协会（先驱者，草原，无处不在和灌木丛）。路径分析确定了干扰对鸟类栖息地协会的直接和间接影响。水干扰的短时间间隔和中间时间间隔分别对先锋行会和草fen生境很重要。大动物的频繁发生对草原行会有负面影响。这表明，在土地集约利用的地区，草原鸟类对牛群放牧或人类活动的容忍度较低。时间序列研究揭示了鸟类群落的动态性质。鸟类继生植被之后便栖息在栖息地中，以各种方式响应动物的出现和人类活动。

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