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Biodiversity loss and the taxonomic bottleneck: emerging biodiversity science

机译：生物多样性丧失和生物分类瓶颈：新兴的生物多样性科学

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摘要

Human domination of the Earth has resulted in dramatic changes to global and local patterns of biodiversity. Biodiversity is critical to human sustainability because it drives the ecosystem services that provide the core of our life-support system. As we, the human species, are the primary factor leading to the decline in biodiversity, we need detailed information about the biodiversity and species composition of specific locations in order to understand how different species contribute to ecosystem services and how humans can sustainably conserve and manage biodiversity. Taxonomy and ecology, two fundamental sciences that generate the knowledge about biodiversity, are associated with a number of limitations that prevent them from providing the information needed to fully understand the relevance of biodiversity in its entirety for human sustainability: (1) biodiversity conservation strategies that tend to be overly focused on research and policy on a global scale with little impact on local biodiversity; (2) the small knowledge base of extant global biodiversity; (3) a lack of much-needed site-specific data on the species composition of communities in human-dominated landscapes, which hinders ecosystem management and biodiversity conservation; (4) biodiversity studies with a lack of taxonomic precision; (5) a lack of taxonomic expertise and trained taxonomists; (6) a taxonomic bottleneck in biodiversity inventory and assessment; and (7) neglect of taxonomic resources and a lack of taxonomic service infrastructure for biodiversity science.
机译：人类对地球的控制已导致全球和地方生物多样性格局发生了巨大变化。生物多样性对人类可持续发展至关重要，因为它驱动了提供我们生命支持系统核心的生态系统服务。由于我们人类物种是导致生物多样性下降的主要因素，因此我们需要有关特定地点的生物多样性和物种组成的详细信息，以便了解不同物种如何为生态系统服务做出贡献以及人类如何可持续地保护和管理生物多样性。分类学和生态学是产生有关生物多样性知识的两门基础科学，与许多局限性有关，这些局限性阻止它们提供充分了解生物多样性对人类可持续性的相关性所需的信息：（1）生物多样性保护战略在全球范围内往往过于关注研究和政策，而对当地生物多样性影响很小； （2）现有全球生物多样性的小型知识库； （3）缺乏关于人类主导景观中社区物种组成的急需的特定地点数据，这阻碍了生态系统管理和生物多样性保护； （4）缺乏生物分类精度的生物多样性研究； （5）缺乏分类学专业知识和训练有素的分类学家； （6）生物多样性清单和评估中的分类瓶颈； （7）忽视生物分类资源，缺乏生物多样性科学的生物分类服务基础设施。

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