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首页> 外文期刊>Ecological research >Seed germination of high mountain Mediterranean species: altitudinal, interpopulation and interannual variability
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Seed germination of high mountain Mediterranean species: altitudinal, interpopulation and interannual variability

机译：地中海高山物种的种子发芽：海拔，种群间和年际变异

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摘要

The germination response of 20 species from high altitude Mediterranean climates, most of them rare endemics, was studied. Our main goal was to model the germination response of a complete set of Iberian high mountain species. The effect of temperature and other parameters, such as spatial and temporal shorA gradients, on germination were also evaluated. Some seed features (mass and size) were also related to the germination response. Finally, we tested the effect of cold-wet stratification pretreatment when germination was low under natural conditions. Seeds were collected at four locations from 1,900 to 2,400 m a.s.l. in the Sierra de Guadarrama (Spanish Central Range) over two consecutive growing seasons (2001-2002) and submitted to different temperatures and a constant photoperiod of 16 h light/8 h darkness. Most plants readily germinate without treatment, reaching an optimum at relatively high temperatures in contrast to lowland Mediterranean species. Seeds seem to be physiologically prepared for rapid germination even though these plants usually face very intense summer droughts after ripening and dispersal. Germination was also highly variable among altitudes, populations and years, but results were inconsistent among species. Such flexibility could be interpreted as an efficient survival strategy for species growing under unpredictable environments, such as the Mediterranean climate. Finally cold-wet stratification increased germination capacity in five of nine dormant species, as widely reported for many arctic, boreal and alpine species. In conclusion, high mountain Mediter- ranean species do not differ from alpine species except that a relatively high number of species are ready to germinate without any treatment.
机译：研究了来自地中海高海拔地区的20种植物的萌发响应，其中大多数是稀有特有种。我们的主要目标是为整套伊比利亚高山物种的萌发响应建模。还评估了温度和其他参数（例如空间和时间shorA梯度）对发芽的影响。一些种子特征（质量和大小）也与发芽反应有关。最后，当自然条件下发芽率低时，我们测试了冷湿分层预处理的效果。从1,900至2,400 m a.s.l.的四个位置收集种子。连续两个生长季节（2001-2002年）在瓜达拉马山脉（西班牙中部山脉）生长，并经历了不同的温度和16小时光照/ 8小时黑暗的恒定光周期。大多数植物无需处理即可轻松发芽，与低地地中海物种相比，在相对较高的温度下达到了最佳状态。尽管这些植物在成熟和散播后通常面临非常强烈的夏季干旱，但种子似乎已为快速发芽做好了生理准备。萌发在海拔，种群和年份之间也存在很大差异，但结果在物种之间不一致。这种灵活性可以解释为一种在诸如地中海气候等不可预测的环境下生长的物种的有效生存策略。最后，冷湿分层增加了九种休眠物种中五种的发芽能力，这在许多北极，北方和高山物种中得到了广泛报道。总之，高山地中海物种与高山物种没有区别，只是相对大量的物种无需任何处理即可发芽。

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