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Drought and cool temperature cue general flowering synergistically in the aseasonal tropical forests of Southeast Asia

机译：东南亚季节性热带森林中干旱和凉爽温度提示协同开花

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摘要

The family Dipterocarpaceae, along with species from many other families, flower synchronously at irregular intervals of several years in the extensive humid forests of Southeast Asia. The intermittent mast seeding in these forests satiates seed predators whose populations remain low due to starvation in non masting periods, effectively increasing seed survival and seedling recruitment. A previous study demonstrated that a synergistic interaction between drought and cool temperatures, instead of either climate factor alone, best explains the occurrence of general flowering events observed over 14 years at the Pasoh Research Forest, Malaysia. However, several measures of drought were proposed and which drought measure should be used to explain general flowering remains untested. Here we examined the relationship between flowering of five Shorea species and three drought indices, the difference between the mean daily accumulation of precipitation and a threshold level of precipitation, water deficit and antecedent precipitation index. Our analyses confirmed that for most of Shorea species we studied the synergistic model that considers both cool temperature and drought performs the best regardless of the choice of drought index. In addition, a simplest drought measure using cumulative precipitation is sufficient to explain flowering activities in Shorea species.
机译：龙脑香科以及其他许多科的种在东南亚广阔的湿润森林中以不规则的间隔数年同步开花。在这些森林中，间歇性的桅杆播种使种子捕食者饱食，这些捕食者由于在非桅杆时期的饥饿而种群数量仍然很低，有效地提高了种子的存活率和幼苗的吸收。先前的一项研究表明，干旱和凉爽温度之间的协同相互作用，而不是单独的任何一种气候因素，都可以最好地解释在马来西亚的Pasoh研究森林14年间观察到的一般开花事件的发生。然而，提出了几种干旱措施，并且应该使用哪种干旱措施来解释一般开花仍未测试。在这里，我们研究了5种Shorea物种的开花与3种干旱指数之间的关系，平均日降水量与降水阈值水平，水分亏缺和前期降水指数之间的差异。我们的分析证实，对于大多数Shorea物种，我们研究了一种协同模型，该模型考虑到凉爽温度和干旱均表现最佳，而与干旱指数的选择无关。此外，使用累积降水的最简单的干旱措施足以解释Shorea物种的开花活动。

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