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首页> 外文期刊>Economics and human biology >Did African Americans experience the 'Antebellum Puzzle'? Evidence from the United States Colored Troops during the Civil War
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Did African Americans experience the 'Antebellum Puzzle'? Evidence from the United States Colored Troops during the Civil War

机译：非洲裔美国人是否经历过“战前之谜”？内战期间来自美国有色部队的证据

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摘要

The "Antebellum Puzzle" has been the subject of comment since the 1980s. It involves the paradox that, although the American economy was experiencing rapid economic growth in the several decades prior to the Civil War (1861-1865), the stature of native-born white males had been declining for the birth cohorts from the late 1820s. This was also true for free blacks (Komlos, 1992), but was apparently not true for slaves. This paper uses a sample of 8592 adult back males who were recruits to the United States Colored Troops during the Civil War. They were recruited significantly among ex-slaves. Recruits from the birth cohorts of 1838-1842 were then linked to characteristics of their counties of birth from the 1840 and 1850 U.S. Censuses. Unlike slaves in the coastal manifests, these African American recruits showed evidence of a decline in heights from the birth cohorts of the 1820s onwards. Unlike the native-white recruits, however, the characteristics of their counties of birth had relatively less power in explaining differences in heights. There was some support for the mortality hypothesis, but the nutrition hypothesis needs to be interpreted in light of the fact that slave owners has a strong interest in monitoring and controlling the diet of their slaves.
机译：自1980年代以来，“前肢拼图”一直是评论的主题。它涉及一个悖论，即尽管南北战争（1861-1865）之前的几十年里，美国经济正经历着快速的经济增长，但自1820年代后期以来，出生于白人的白人男性的身高一直在下降。自由黑人也是如此（Komlos，1992），但是奴隶显然不是这样。本文使用的样本是内战期间招募到美国有色部队的8592名成年男性。他们在前奴隶中被大量招募。然后，将1838-1842年出生队列中的新兵与1840年和1850年美国人口普查的出生县特征联系起来。与沿海地区的奴隶不同，这些非裔美国新兵显示出从1820年代出生的队列开始，身高下降的证据。然而，与白人新兵不同，他们出生县的特征在解释身高差异方面的能力相对较小。死亡率假说得到了一定的支持，但是营养假说需要根据奴隶主对监视和控制其奴隶饮食的强烈兴趣这一事实来加以解释。

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