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Is zipcode destiny?

机译:邮政编码是命运吗?

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MOST AMERICANS worry that they live in an age of reduced social mobility. Raj Chetty, a Harvard economist, has done as much as anyone to provide empirical heft for that malaise. Armed with data from nearly all the tax returns filed in America for decades, he and his co-authors have pieced together an astonishing series of findings: that absolute mobility (the chance that a child will go on to earn more than their parents) has dropped from 90%, a near certainty, to 50%, a coin-toss; that the gap in life-expectancy between rich and poor has widened even as that between blacks and whites has narrowed; and that although the chances of upward mobility differ greatly from one neighbourhood to the next, in nearly every part of America the path for black boys is steeper.
机译:大多数美国人担心他们生活在社会流动性下降的时代。哈佛大学的经济学家拉吉·切蒂(Raj Chetty)所做的一切,都为这种不适提供了经验。凭借几十年来美国提交的几乎所有纳税申报表的数据,他和他的合著者拼凑了一系列令人惊讶的发现:绝对的流动性(孩子继续赚得比父母更多的机会)从几乎确定的90%下降到投掷硬币的50%;尽管黑人和白人之间的预期寿命差距有所扩大,但贫富之间的差距仍在扩大;而且尽管一个地区到另一个地区向上流动的机会差异很大,但在美国几乎每个地区,黑人男孩的道路都比较陡峭。

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    《The economist》 |2020年第9194期|28-29|共2页
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