Koko mingi Ⅷ, king of the Nembe people, had a vigorous approach to trust-busting. In 1895 he led a pre-dawn raid on the headquarters of the Royal Niger Company, a British firm that had monopolised the palm-oil trade in the Niger delta. Koko captured 60 hostages and demanded to be allowed to trade freely. The British sent in the gunboats instead, and monopolists have had the upper hand in Nigeria ever since: the country did not enact an overarching competition law until last year. King Koko's trust-busting heirs have their work cut out, and not just in Nigeria. In much of Africa formal economies are dominated by large firms that rip off consumers. The IMF reckons that firm markups are about 11% larger in sub-Saharan Africa than in other developing regions, and that prices are 20% higher. The challenge for African governments is not only to make markets more efficient, but also to undo a history of economic exclusion.
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机译：Nembe人的国王Koko Mingiⅷ有了一个充满信心的武器的积极性。 1895年，他领导了一家英国公司皇家尼日尔公司总部的黎明前突袭，该公司垄断了尼日尔三角洲的棕榈油贸易。 Koko捕获了60个人质，要求允许自由交易。以来，英国人送入枪手，以来，垄断者曾在尼日利亚占据了尼日利亚的占上风，因为这一国家直到去年直到去年就没有制定了总体竞争法。 King Koko的信任破坏继承人有他们的作品，而不只是在尼日利亚。在非洲的大部分中，正规经济体由剥夺消费者的大公司主导。在撒哈拉以南非洲的非洲国际货币基金组织的估计比其他发展中国家大约11％，而且价格上涨20％。非洲政府的挑战不仅要使市场更有效，而且还要撤消经济排斥的历史。
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