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Speed limits

机译:速度限制

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ONE OF THE biggest questions facing the world economy in 2021 is how fast America's labour market will recover. Optimists point to the rapid decline in the unemployment rate after the first wave of the pandemic-from nearly 15% in April to 6.7% in November-as a reason for a speedy recovery. Pessimists' go-to statistic is the high and rising rate of the long-term unemployed, those who have been out of work for more than six months. It has risen from 0.7% of the labour force in February to 2.5% today. The last time the figure was that high was in December 2013, when the labour market was recovering from the global financial crisis of 2007-09. On average, the longer someone is unemployed, the harder it is for them to find work. In part that may be because the least productive workers, for whom the labour market is always an unwelcoming place, are more likely to experience long spells of unemployment during downturns. But spending months on the sofa also causes people's skills to atrophy. As a result, recessions inflict lasting scars on both workers and the economy.
机译:2021年世界经济面临的最大问题之一是美国劳动力市场的快速恢复。乐观主义者指出,在大流行之后的失业率迅速下降 - 从4月份从近15%到11月的6.7% - 作为快速恢复的原因。悲观主义者的进一步统计是长期失业率的高度和上升率,那些已经失业超过六个月的人。它从2月份劳动力的0.7%上升至今天的2.5%。该图的最后一次是2013年12月,当时劳动力市场从2007 - 09年全球金融危机恢复。平均而言,有人失业的时间越长,他们找工作就越难。部分可能是因为最不生产的工人,劳动力市场始终是一个不受欢迎的地方,更有可能在低迷期间经历长期的失业。但在沙发上花费几个月也会导致人们对萎缩的技能。因此,修复造成工人和经济的持久伤疤。

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    《The economist》 |2021年第9226期|共1页
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