Model behaviour

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Model behaviour

机译：模型行为

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ECONOMISTS LIKE to crunch numbers and build models to guide policymakers. But who guides them in turn? Isaiah Andrews of Harvard University has been trying to help. On April 20th the American Economic Association awarded him the John Bates Clark Medal, a prize for leading economists under the age of 40, for his efforts. Mr Andrews did not expect to become an econometrician (an economist who specialises in statistics). But during graduate study he was drawn towards questions about the lessons and limits of data. With Matthew Gentzkow of Stanford University and Jesse Shapiro of Brown University, he suggested a way to assess the quality of economists' models. He also showed economists how to work out how much their findings might change under alternative assumptions, helping them fend off accusations that their results were a feature of their assumptions rather than the data.

机译：经济学家喜欢克里累积并建立模型来指导政策制定者。但谁又指导他们？哈佛大学的isaiah安德鲁斯一直在努力帮助。 4月20日美国经济协会授予他约翰·贝茨克拉克奖章，为他的努力为40岁以下的经济学家奖。安德鲁斯先生没想到成为一个经济学家（一名专门从事统计数据）的经济学家。但在研究生学习期间，他被吸引了关于数据课程和限制的问题。与斯坦福大学的Matthew Gentzkow和布朗大学的Jesse Shapiro，他建议提供一种评估经济学家型号的质量。他还展示了经济学家如何在替代假设下解决他们的发现，帮助他们抵御他们的结果是他们的假设而不是数据的特征。

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《The economist》 |2021年第9242期|共1页
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1. Strategies for swimming: explorations of the behaviour of a neuro-musculo-mechanical model of the lamprey Strategies for swimming: explorations of the behaviour of a neuro-musculo-mechanical model of the lamprey Strategies for swimming: explorations of the behaviour of a neuro-musculo-mechanical model of the lamprey [J] . Thelma L. Williams, Tyler McMillen Biology Open . 2015,第3期

机译：游泳策略：七lamp鳗的神经肌肉力学模型的行为探索游泳策略：七lamp鳗的神经肌肉力学模型的行为探索游泳策略：七彩鳗鱼的神经肌肉力学模型的探索七lamp鳗的肌肉力学模型
2. Further steps in the modeling of behavioural crowd dynamics, good news for safe handling Comment on "Human behaviours in evacuation crowd dynamics: From modelling to "big data" toward crisis management" by Nicola Bellomo et al [J] . Knopoff Damian A. Physics of life reviews . 2016,第Null期

机译：行为人群动力学建模的进一步步骤，安全处理的好消息Nicola Bellomo等人评论了“疏散人群动力学中的人类行为：从建模到“大数据”到危机管理”
3. Parental modelling of eating behaviours: Observational validation of the Parental Modelling of Eating Behaviours scale (PARM) [J] . Palfreyman Zoe, Haycraft Emma, Meyer Caroline Appetite . 2015,第Null期

机译：父母饮食行为建模：饮食行为父母行为建模量表（PARM）的观察验证
4. Towards Modelling Insiders Behaviour as Rare Behaviour to Detect Malicious RDBMS Access [C] . Muhammad Imran Khan, Barry O’Sullivan, Simon N. Foley IEEE International Conference on Big Data . 2018

机译：将内部人员行为建模为罕见行为以检测恶意的RDBMS访问
5. Countermanding in rats as a practical model for investigation of adaptive control of behaviour, lifespan changes in behavioural control and neurotransmitter function [D] . Beuk, Jonathan. 2016

机译：大鼠反制为研究适应性控制行为，寿命改变行为控制和神经递质功能的实用模型
6. The Integrated Behavioural Model for Water Sanitation and Hygiene: a systematic review of behavioural models and a framework for designing and evaluating behaviour change interventions in infrastructure-restricted settings [O] . Robert Dreibelbis, Peter J Winch, Elli Leontsini, 2013

机译：水卫生和卫生的综合行为模型：行为模型的系统综述以及在基础设施受限的环境中设计和评估行为改变干预措施的框架
7. This article presents a new numerical model describing the behaviour of a thermally thick wood sample exposed to high solar heat flux (above 1 MW/m2). A preliminary study based on dimensionless numbers is used to classify the problem and support model building assumptions. Then, a model based on mass, momentum and energy balance equations is proposed. These equations are coupled with liquid-vapour drying model and pseudo species biomass degradation model. By comparing to a former experimental study, preliminary results have shown that these equations are not enough to accurately predict biomass behaviour under high solar heat flux. Indeed, a char layer acting as radiative shield forms on the sample exposed surface. In addition to this classical set of equations, it is mandatory to take into account radiation penetration into the medium. Furthermore, as biomass contains water, medium deformation consecutively to char steam gasification must also be implemented. Finally, with the addition of these two strategies, the model is able to properly capture the degradation of biomass when exposed to high radiative heat flux over a range of sample initial moisture content. Additional insights of biomass behaviour under high solar heat flux were also derived. Drying, pyrolysis and gasification fronts are present at the same time inside of the sample. The coexistence of these three thermochemical fronts leads to char gasification by the steam produced from drying of the sample, which it is the main phenomenon behind medium ablation. [O] . Pozzobon, Victor, Salvador, Sylvain, Bézian, Jean Jacques 2018

机译：本文提供了一个新的数值模型，该模型描述了暴露于高太阳热通量（高于1 / MW / m2）的热厚木材样品的行为。基于无量纲数的初步研究用于对问题进行分类并支持模型构建假设。然后，提出了一种基于质量，动量和能量平衡方程的模型。这些方程式与液体蒸汽干燥模型和假物种生物质降解模型耦合。通过与以前的实验研究进行比较，初步结果表明，这些方程不足以准确预测高太阳热通量下的生物量行为。的确，在样品暴露的表面上形成了充当辐射屏蔽层的炭层。除了这套经典的方程式之外，还必须考虑到辐射向介质的渗透。此外，由于生物质中含有水，因此还必须在炭蒸气汽化后进行连续的介质变形。最后，通过添加这两种策略，该模型能够在一定范围的样品初始水分含量下暴露于高辐射热通量的情况下，正确捕获生物质的降解。还得出了在高太阳热通量下生物量行为的其他见解。样品内部同时存在干燥，热解和气化前沿。这三个热化学前沿的共存会导致样品干燥产生的蒸汽产生焦炭气化，这是介质烧蚀的主要现象。
8. Development of Computer Models for Fuel Element Behaviour in Water Reactors. Survey Report of a CO-Ordinated Research Programme on the Development of Computer Models for Fuel Element Behaviour in Water Reactors [R] . Gittus, J. H. 1987

机译：水反应堆燃料元件行为计算机模型的开发。关于水反应堆燃料元件行为计算机模型开发的共同研究计划调查报告

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