In early December 2014 three armed men broke into a flat in Creteil, southeast of Paris, tied up a young woman and her boyfriend, raped the woman, and robbed them both. "You Jews, you have money," they told the couple. A few days later, Bernard Cazeneuve, the interior minister, along with a thousand or so other people marched against anti-Semitism; President Francois Hollande called the attack "intolerable". But the event passed off to wider indifference. Long before the recent supermarket attack, in which four Jewish men were killed, France's Jews have been concerned at what some see as the banal-isation of anti-Semitism. Fatalities grab headlines, as did the kidnapping, torture and murder of Ilan Halimi near Paris in 2006, or the shooting in 2012 of seven people, including three Jewish children and a rabbi, at a Jewish school in Toulouse. Low-level anti-Semitism does not.
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